酒精饮料类型与主要冠心病事件及全因死亡率风险
Type of alcoholic drink and risk of major coronary heart disease events and all-cause mortality.
作者信息
Wannamethee S G, Shaper A G
机构信息
Department of Primary Care and Population Sciences, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London, England.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 1999 May;89(5):685-90. doi: 10.2105/ajph.89.5.685.
OBJECTIVES
This study examined the effects of beer, spirits, and wine drinking on coronary heart disease (CHD) events (fatal and nonfatal) and all-cause mortality.
METHODS
Men aged 40 to 59 years (n = 7735) were drawn at random from one general practice in each of 24 British towns and followed up for an average of 16.8 years.
RESULTS
Regular drinkers showed a significantly lower relative risk of CHD, but no all-cause mortality, than occasional drinkers, even after adjustment for potential confounders. The benefit for CHD of regular drinking was seen within both beer drinkers and spirit drinkers but not among men who reported wine drinking. However, all men who reported wine drinking (both occasional and regular) showed significantly lower age-adjusted risks of CHD and all-cause mortality than men drinking beer or spirits; beer and spirit drinkers showed similar risks.
CONCLUSIONS
The findings suggest that regular intake of all alcoholic drinks is associated with a lower risk of CHD, but not all-cause mortality, than occasional drinking. A large part, but not all, of the greater benefit seen in wine drinkers relative to other drinkers can be attributed to advantageous lifestyle characteristics (e.g., low rates of smoking and obesity).
目的
本研究探讨饮用啤酒、烈酒和葡萄酒对冠心病（CHD）事件（致命和非致命）及全因死亡率的影响。
方法
从英国24个城镇的每个一家普通诊所随机抽取40至59岁的男性（n = 7735），平均随访16.8年。
结果
即使在对潜在混杂因素进行调整之后，与偶尔饮酒者相比，经常饮酒者患冠心病的相对风险显著较低，但全因死亡率并无差异。经常饮酒对冠心病的益处，在啤酒饮用者和烈酒饮用者中均有体现，但在报告饮用葡萄酒的男性中未观察到。然而，所有报告饮用葡萄酒的男性（包括偶尔和经常饮用者），其年龄调整后的冠心病风险和全因死亡率均显著低于饮用啤酒或烈酒的男性；啤酒饮用者和烈酒饮用者的风险相似。
结论
研究结果表明，与偶尔饮酒相比，经常饮用所有含酒精饮料与较低的冠心病风险相关，但与全因死亡率无关。与其他饮酒者相比，葡萄酒饮用者所获得的更大益处，很大一部分（但并非全部）可归因于有利的生活方式特征（例如，低吸烟率和低肥胖率）。
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