[Leg ulcers. Allergologic studies of 359 cases].

INTRODUCTION

Leg ulcers are a common disease in dermatology. Their social and economic implications are important, especially when contact dermatitis complicates these wounds.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

In this study a total of 359 patients had contact dermatitis investigations over a period of 5 years. Patch-tests were performed on 116 men and 243 women hospitalized with venous and/or arterial leg ulcers, with or without clinical appearance of periulcerous contact dermatitis. Standard patch-tests of the ICDRG (International Contact Dermatitis Research Group) were systematically performed as well as a specific series of 40 tests.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Positive patch tests were observed in 82.5 p. 100 of the patients, indicating a very high rate of contact allergy in patients with leg ulcers. Peru balsam, lanolin and neomycin were the most frequent culprits of positive patch-tests in this population. Five percent of patch-tests with eosin were positive in our study. This is not common in the literature. Moreover, we highlight the high rate of contact sensitization to corticosteroids in this population. According to these results and to the literature, a new series of patch-tests for leg ulcers is suggested.

CONCLUSION

Polysensitization in patients with chronic wounds is very frequent. A series of patch-tests in leg ulcers may lead to some interesting conclusions but a good questioning of the patient is always necessary to complete this series.