Leung A K, Kao C P
Alberta Children's Hospital and University of Calgary, Canada.
Am Fam Physician. 1999 Jun;59(11):3121-8, 3135.
A delay in speech development may be a symptom of many disorders, including mental retardation, hearing loss, an expressive language disorder, psychosocial deprivation, autism, elective mutism, receptive aphasia and cerebral palsy. Speech delay may be secondary to maturation delay or bilingualism. Being familiar with the factors to look for when taking the history and performing the physical examination allows physicians to make a prompt diagnosis. Timely detection and early intervention may mitigate the emotional, social and cognitive deficits of this disability and improve the outcome.
语言发育迟缓可能是多种疾病的症状,包括智力障碍、听力丧失、表达性语言障碍、心理社会剥夺、自闭症、选择性缄默症、感受性失语症和脑瘫。语言迟缓可能继发于发育延迟或双语现象。熟悉病史采集和体格检查时需要留意的因素,有助于医生做出快速诊断。及时发现和早期干预可以减轻这种残疾所带来的情感、社交和认知缺陷,并改善预后。