涉及刺激链的辨别学习中的价值传递
Value transmission in discrimination learning involving stimulus chains.
作者信息
Williams B A
机构信息
Department of Psychology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0109, USA.
出版信息
J Exp Anal Behav. 1999 Sep;72(2):177-85. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1999.72-177.
Rats learned a series of reversals of a positional discrimination in which responses to one lever led to delayed food and responses to a second lever led to no food. Interpolated within the delays leading to the different outcomes were two-link stimulus chains. The pairing of each stimulus element with the delayed outcome of food or no food varied across reversals. Either stimulus element could have the same correlation with outcome as occurred on the preceding reversal or the opposite correlation as on the preceding reversal. New reversals were acquired more quickly when both stimulus elements had the same status as during the preceding reversal, and were acquired most slowly when both stimulus elements had the opposite status as that of the preceding reversal. The rate of learning was intermediate when only one of the stimulus elements had the same status as that during the preceding reversal. All of the data are compatible with an interpretation in terms of backward chaining of stimulus value.
大鼠学习了一系列位置辨别任务的反转，其中对一个杠杆的反应会导致延迟获得食物，而对另一个杠杆的反应则不会获得食物。在导致不同结果的延迟期间插入了双环节刺激链。每个刺激元素与食物或无食物的延迟结果的配对在反转过程中有所不同。任一刺激元素与结果的相关性既可以与前一次反转时相同，也可以与前一次反转时相反。当两个刺激元素的状态都与前一次反转时相同时，新的反转学习得更快；当两个刺激元素的状态都与前一次反转时相反时，学习得最慢。当只有一个刺激元素的状态与前一次反转时相同时，学习速度处于中间水平。所有数据都与基于刺激值反向链接的解释相一致。
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