Sawant P, Rathi P M, Upadhyaya A
Dept. of Gastroenterology, L.T. Mun. Med. College, Sion, Mumbai.
J Assoc Physicians India. 1999 Jun;47(6):580-3.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) are the major causes of viral chronic liver diseases in India. HBV subtypes and HCV genotypes have not been reported from Western India. The aims of the study were (i) To study the prevalence of viral markers to HBV and HCV in adult cirrhotics, (ii) To determine HBV subtypes and HCV genotypes using serological and molecular biological methods.
A total of 99 adult cirrhotic patients, proven by liver biopsy, laparoscopy, or a combined score of clinical features, biochemical tests, ultrasonography of abdomen, and radioisotope 99m Technetium scan in presence of oesophageal varices were studied. Sera collected from these patients were stored at -8 degrees C and subjected to various tests. HBsAg was determined by ELISA, anti-HBc by ELISA and anti HCV Ab was determined by the third generation ELISA. HBsAg subtypes were determined by enzyme immunoassay. HCV RNA was determined by PCR in those who tested positive for anti HCV antibody. Genotyping of HCV was done with a second generation PCR.
HBsAg was detected in 16, out of which subtyping was possible in 14, adw was found in 6 and ayw in 8. Anti HCV Ab was found in 5. Genotyping was possible in three samples which revealed one to be of genotypes 3, one of genetic group 4, and one of genetic group 5.
Subtypes and genotypes of HBV and HCV have not been reported from Western India. Their determination can have implications in understanding the spectrum of disease, characteristics and response to treatment.
乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）和丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）是印度病毒性慢性肝病的主要病因。印度西部尚未报道过HBV亚型和HCV基因型。本研究的目的是：（i）研究成年肝硬化患者中HBV和HCV病毒标志物的患病率；（ii）采用血清学和分子生物学方法确定HBV亚型和HCV基因型。
共研究了99例经肝活检、腹腔镜检查或综合临床特征、生化检查、腹部超声及存在食管静脉曲张时的放射性核素99m锝扫描确诊的成年肝硬化患者。从这些患者采集的血清保存在-8℃并进行各种检测。采用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）法检测HBsAg，ELISA法检测抗-HBc，第三代ELISA法检测抗HCV抗体。采用酶免疫测定法确定HBsAg亚型。对HCV抗体检测呈阳性的患者采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）法检测HCV RNA。采用第二代PCR法对HCV进行基因分型。
检测到16例HBsAg阳性，其中14例可进行亚型分型，发现6例为adw亚型，8例为ayw亚型。发现5例抗HCV抗体阳性。3个样本可进行基因分型，结果显示1例为3型，1例为4基因群，1例为5基因群。
印度西部尚未报道过HBV和HCV的亚型及基因型。对它们的确定可能有助于理解疾病谱、特征及对治疗的反应。
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