Hospice: an organizational systems model for the integration of acute and long-term care.

In recent years, the realization of a need for increased integration of acute care and long-term care (LTC) systems has grown. For the most part, however, a person requiring both types of care is treated as though he or she is two discrete individuals with separate needs. Organizations that have the integration of acute and LTC as a goal serve relatively small numbers of people. Integration efforts could be facilitated through the identification and application of an organizational systems model. Hospice can provide such a model. The hospice interdisciplinary team integrates not only multiple disciplines but also acute care and LTC. The hospice model is also appropriate from a financial standpoint in that Medicare hospice funding has employed a prospective payment system (PPS) since the inception of the Medicare Hospice Benefit. In this article, the application of the hospice model to the integration of the acute care and LTC systems in the U.S. is demonstrated, using a subsystem approach.