自评健康状况作为残疾抚恤金和死亡的预测指标——一项针对中年男性的前瞻性研究。
Self-rated health as a predictor of disability pension and death--a prospective study of middle-aged men.
作者信息
Månsson N O, Råstam L
机构信息
Department of Community Medicine, Lund University, Malmö University Hospital, Sweden.
出版信息
Scand J Public Health. 2001 Jun;29(2):151-8.
OBJECTIVE
Self-rated health (SRH) is increasingly attracting attention as a predictor of morbidity and mortality while its relation to impaired function has been given less momentum. The aim of this study was to assess the relation between SRH and the risk of being awarded a disability pension and premature death.
METHODS
Five birth-year cohorts of middle-aged men were invited to a screening programme and were followed for approximately 11 years. Of the 718 (12%) men with a disability pension granted during follow-up, 46% had perceived their health as perfect on inclusion. The corresponding figure for the remaining 5,082 men was 77%.
RESULTS
The crude relative risk (RR) of disability pension for men with SRH less than perfect was 3.7 (3.2-4.2). After adjustment for premorbidity/medication, the RR declined to 3.3 (2.8-3.8). The crude RR of death associated with SRH less than perfect was 1.6 (1.3-2.0), unchanged after adjustment.
CONCLUSION
The results showed that SRH is a strong and independent predictor of disability and, to a lesser degree, of mortality.
目的
自评健康状况（SRH）作为发病率和死亡率的预测指标越来越受到关注，而其与功能受损之间的关系尚未得到足够重视。本研究旨在评估自评健康状况与获得残疾抚恤金及过早死亡风险之间的关系。
方法
邀请五个出生年份队列的中年男性参加一项筛查计划，并对他们进行了约11年的随访。在随访期间获得残疾抚恤金的718名（12%）男性中，46%在纳入研究时认为自己的健康状况良好。其余5082名男性的相应比例为77%。
结果
自评健康状况不佳的男性获得残疾抚恤金的粗略相对风险（RR）为3.7（3.2 - 4.2）。在对发病前状况/药物治疗进行调整后，RR降至3.3（2.8 - 3.8）。与自评健康状况不佳相关的死亡粗略RR为1.6（1.3 - 2.0），调整后无变化。
结论
结果表明，自评健康状况是残疾的一个强有力的独立预测指标，在一定程度上也是死亡率的预测指标。
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