出生情况：2000年初步数据。
Births: preliminary data for 2000.
作者信息
Martin J A, Hamilton B E, Ventura S J
出版信息
Natl Vital Stat Rep. 2001 Jul 24;49(5):1-20.
OBJECTIVES
This report presents preliminary data for 2000 on births in the United States. U.S. data on births are shown by age, race, and Hispanic origin of mother. Data on marital status, prenatal care, cesarean delivery, and low birthweight are also presented.
METHODS
Data in this report are based on more than 96 percent of births for 2000. The records are weighted to independent control counts of births received in State vital statistics offices in 2000. Comparisons are made with 1999 final data.
RESULTS
The number of births rose 3 percent between 1999 and 2000. The crude birth rate increased to 14.8 per 1,000 population in 2000, 2 percent higher than the 1999 rate. The fertility rate rose 3 percent to 67.6 per 1,000 women aged 15-44 years between 1999 and 2000. The birth rate for teenagers, which has been falling since 1991, declined 2 percent in 2000 to 48.7 births per 1,000 females aged 15-19 years, another historic low. The rate for teenagers 15-17 years fell 4 percent, and the rate for 18-19 year olds was down 1 percent. Since 1991, rates have fallen 29 percent for teenagers 15-17 years and 16 percent for teenagers 18-19 years. Birth rates for all of the older age groups increased for 1999-2000: 1 percent among women aged 20-24 years, 3 percent for women aged 25-29 years, and 5 percent for women in their thirties. Rates for women aged 40-54 years were also up for 2000. The birth rate for unmarried women increased 2 percent to 45.2 births per 1,000 unmarried women aged 15-44 years in 2000, but was still lower than the peak reached in 1994. The number of births to unmarried women was up 3 percent, the highest number ever reported in the United States. However, the number of births to unmarried teenagers declined. The proportion of women who began prenatal care in the first trimester of pregnancy (83.2 percent) did not improve for 2000, nor did the rate of low birthweight (7.6 percent). The total cesarean rate rose for the fourth consecutive year to 22.9 percent, the result of both a rise in the rate of primary cesarean deliveries and a decline in the rate of vaginal births after previous cesarean delivery.
目标
本报告展示了2000年美国出生情况的初步数据。美国的出生数据按母亲的年龄、种族和西班牙裔血统进行呈现。还展示了婚姻状况、产前护理、剖宫产以及低体重儿的数据。
方法
本报告中的数据基于2000年超过96%的出生记录。这些记录经过加权处理，以与2000年各州生命统计办公室收到的独立出生控制计数进行比较。并与1999年的最终数据进行对比。
结果
1999年至2000年期间，出生人数增长了3%。2000年粗出生率增至每1000人口14.8例，比1999年的比率高出2%。1999年至2000年期间，生育率上升了3%，达到每1000名15 - 44岁女性67.6例。自1991年以来一直在下降的青少年出生率在2000年下降了2%，降至每1000名15 - 19岁女性48.7例，再创历史新低。15 - 17岁青少年的出生率下降了4%，18 - 19岁青少年的出生率下降了1%。自1991年以来，15 - 17岁青少年的出生率下降了29%，18 - 19岁青少年的出生率下降了16%。1999 - 2000年期间，所有年龄较大组别的出生率都有所上升：20 - 24岁女性上升了1%，25 - 29岁女性上升了3%，三十多岁的女性上升了5%。2000年40 - 54岁女性的出生率也有所上升。2000年，未婚女性的出生率上升了2%，达到每1000名15 - 44岁未婚女性45.2例，但仍低于1994年达到的峰值。未婚女性的生育数量上升了3%，为美国有记录以来的最高数量。然而，未婚青少年的生育数量有所下降。2000年，在怀孕头三个月开始接受产前护理的女性比例（83.2%）没有提高，低体重儿的比率（7.6%）也没有变化。剖宫产总比率连续第四年上升至22.9%，这是首次剖宫产率上升和既往剖宫产术后阴道分娩率下降共同导致的结果。
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