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第一人称中的主体——第三人称中的主体:主体、主体性与主体间性。

Subject in first person--subject in third person: subject, subjectivity, and intersubjectivity.

作者信息

Lazar R

机构信息

Program of Psychotherapy, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

出版信息

Am J Psychoanal. 2001 Sep;61(3):271-91. doi: 10.1023/a:1010229401975.

Abstract

In this article, the author traces the history of the concepts of subject, subjectivity, and intersubjectivity in different psychoanalytic theories in the last decades. She argues that the uniqueness of these concepts and their different implications were not emphasized enough. The author discusses the various implications and contexts of the concept of subject in psychoanalytic theory proper and to relate as to: (1). The need to distinguish between the concepts of subject and subjectivity; (2). The mutual interdependence of the subject and his subjectivity and the intersubjective domain (both in the development of the individual and in theoretical thought pertaining to it). Her point of departure is from the position of the subject as a free creature, the centrality of the experiencing individual, from his/her perspective--the subject in the first person. She tries to explain the paradox implicit in the experiential dimension, the place of the other as participant, as both negating and recognizing--the subject in the third person. She suggests the interdependency of the first-person experience of subjectivity on the intersubjective dimension.

摘要

在本文中,作者追溯了过去几十年不同精神分析理论中主体、主体性和主体间性概念的历史。她认为这些概念的独特性及其不同含义没有得到足够的强调。作者讨论了精神分析理论中主体概念的各种含义和背景,并涉及到:(1)区分主体和主体性概念的必要性;(2)主体与其主体性以及主体间领域的相互依存关系(在个体发展以及与之相关的理论思考中都是如此)。她的出发点是将主体视为自由生物的立场,即从体验个体的视角出发,以第一人称的主体为中心。她试图解释体验维度中隐含的悖论,即他者作为参与者的位置,他者既否定又认可——以第三人称的主体。她提出主体性的第一人称体验与主体间维度相互依存。

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