Li Ming, Chen Kevin, Mo Zhixian
Institute of Qigong Research, Guangzhou University, People's Republic of China.
Altern Ther Health Med. 2002 Jan-Feb;8(1):50-4, 56-9.
Qigong is a traditional Chinese health practice believed to have special healing and recovery power. Little scientific documentation was found on qigong and its effectiveness, and no literature was found on qigong as a treatment of substance addiction.
To explore the effectiveness of qigong therapy on detoxification of heroin addicts compared to medical and nonmedical treatment.
Participants were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups: qigong treatment group (n = 34), medication group (n = 26), and no-treatment control group (n = 26).
Eighty-six male heroin addicts, aged 18 to 52 years, who met the substance-dependence criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition Revised, with a history of heroin use from .5 to 11 years. All were residents at a mandatory drug-treatment center in the People's Republic of China.
The qigong group practiced Pan Gu qigong and received qi adjustments from a qigong master daily. The medication group received the detoxification drug lofexidine-HCl by a 10-day gradual reduction method. The control group received only basic care and medications to treat severe withdrawal symptoms.
Urine morphine test, electrocardiogram, Hamilton Anxiety Scale, and a withdrawal-symptom evaluation scale were applied before and during the 10-day intervention.
Reduction of withdrawal symptoms in the qigong group occurred more rapidly than in the other groups. From day 1, the qigong group had significantly lower mean symptom scores than did the other groups (P <.01). Both the qigong and medication groups had much lower anxiety scores than did the control group (P<.01), and the qigong group had significantly lower anxiety scores than did the medication group (P<.01). All subjects had a positive response to the urine morphine test before treatment. Fifty percent of the qigong group had negative urine tests on day 3, compared to 23% in the control group and 8% in the medication group (P <.01). By day 5 of treatment, all subjects in the qigong group had negative urine tests, compared to day 9 for the medication group and day 11 for the control group.
Results suggest that qigong may be an effective alternative for heroin detoxification without side effects, though we cannot completely eliminate the possibility of the placebo effect from the current study.
气功是一种传统的中国保健方法，被认为具有特殊的治疗和康复能力。关于气功及其有效性的科学文献很少，也没有关于气功治疗药物成瘾的文献。
探讨气功疗法与药物及非药物治疗相比，对海洛因成瘾者戒毒的有效性。
将参与者随机分为3组之一：气功治疗组（n = 34）、药物治疗组（n = 26）和非治疗对照组（n = 26）。
86名年龄在18至52岁之间的男性海洛因成瘾者，他们符合《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版修订本中的物质依赖标准，有0.5至11年的海洛因使用史。所有参与者均为中华人民共和国一家强制戒毒中心的居民。
气功组练习盘古气功，并每天接受气功大师的气调理。药物治疗组采用10天逐渐减量法服用戒毒药物盐酸洛非西定。对照组仅接受基本护理和治疗严重戒断症状的药物。
在为期10天的干预前后，应用尿吗啡检测、心电图、汉密尔顿焦虑量表和戒断症状评估量表。
气功组戒断症状的减轻比其他组更快。从第1天起，气功组的平均症状评分显著低于其他组（P <.01）。气功组和药物治疗组的焦虑评分均远低于对照组（P<.01），且气功组的焦虑评分显著低于药物治疗组（P<.01）。所有受试者在治疗前尿吗啡检测均呈阳性反应。气功组50%的受试者在第3天尿检测呈阴性，对照组为23%，药物治疗组为8%（P <.01）。到治疗第5天，气功组所有受试者尿检测均呈阴性，药物治疗组为第9天，对照组为第11天。
结果表明，气功可能是一种有效的海洛因戒毒替代方法且无副作用，尽管我们无法完全排除当前研究中安慰剂效应的可能性。
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