大鼠胫骨在不同损伤后的骨愈合模型。

Hussar P, Piirsoo A, Märtson A, Toom A, Haviko T, Hussar U

The Institute of Anatomy, University of Tartu, Estonia.

Ann Chir Gynaecol. 2001;90(4):271-9.

AIMS

Gradual elaboration of an adequate and efficient multistage method for experimental remodelling of specific wound healing process--bone repair. Comparison of clinical characteristics with the results of microanatomy, histology, electronmicroscopy and computer morphometry.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

An investigation of posttraumatic bone repair after internal fracture, excision and cortical perforation was carried out on 142 young adult male Wistar rats. The repair was studied in normal and affected animals (exercises, immobilization, isolation of periost) at 1-42 days after operation.

RESULTS

The posttraumatic bone callus development and the related soft tissue repair, likewise the continuous remodelling, is an ordinary process of osteohisto- and organogenese. In trained rats the blood supply and bone formation is increased, whereas in immobilized animals it is inhibited and destroyed (osteoporose, pseudoarthrosis). After the injury some characteristics of bone repair histogenese will be became evident (after the perforation the primary endosteal and secondary periosteal ossification, inhibition of endosteal bone repair after the isolation of periost etc.).

CONCLUSION

The posttraumatic bone healing, like embryohistogenese, has similar repair stages in all models of the experiments as well as similar tissue and cell responses (callus formation, its replacement, bone remodelling, etc.). However, the repair process in general (order of chondrous and/or bone callus stages, etc.) is variable and dependent on the mode and degree of injury. The use of bone cortex perforation in wound healing study is more recommendable as compared to internal fracture and excision (possibility of in situ study the periost and callus tissue compartments in bone repair machinery separately).

目的

逐步完善一种适用于特定伤口愈合过程——骨修复的充分且高效的多阶段实验重塑方法。将临床特征与微观解剖学、组织学、电子显微镜检查及计算机形态测量学结果进行比较。

材料与方法

对142只成年雄性Wistar大鼠进行了内骨折、切除及皮质穿孔后创伤性骨修复的研究。在术后1至42天，对正常及受影响动物（运动、固定、骨膜分离）的修复情况进行了研究。

结果

创伤后骨痂形成及相关软组织修复，以及持续重塑，是骨组织学和器官发生的常见过程。在训练有素的大鼠中，血液供应和骨形成增加，而在固定的动物中则受到抑制和破坏（骨质疏松、假关节）。损伤后，骨修复组织发生的一些特征将变得明显（穿孔后原发性骨内膜和继发性骨膜骨化、骨膜分离后骨内膜骨修复受抑制等）。

结论

创伤后骨愈合与胚胎组织发生一样，在所有实验模型中都有相似的修复阶段以及相似的组织和细胞反应（骨痂形成、其替代、骨重塑等）。然而，总体修复过程（软骨和/或骨痂阶段的顺序等）是可变的，且取决于损伤方式和程度。与内骨折和切除相比，在伤口愈合研究中使用骨皮质穿孔更值得推荐（有可能在原位分别研究骨修复机制中的骨膜和骨痂组织隔室）。