[昆明市婴幼儿屈光状态的调查研究]

[A research of infant refraction in Kunming Municipality].

作者信息

Li L, Ma Y, Hu X

机构信息

Department of Ophthalmology, Kunming Children's Hospital, Kunming 650034, China.

出版信息

Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi. 2001 Jan;37(1):24-7.

PMID:11864383

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To study the infant refraction, detect ametropia in mass screening refraction and correct the ametropia properly for the treatment and prevention of amblyopia and strabismus as early as possible.

METHODS

The refraction status of 1 146 children (2 291 eyes, aged 1 month -3 years) were determined with retinoscopy after tropicamide cycloplegia.

RESULTS

The results of statistics showed that 89 eyes (3.88%) had emmetropia, 2 139 eyes (93.37%) hypermetropia, 38 eyes (1.66%) myopia, 560 eyes (24.44%) astigmatism and 25 eyes (1.09%) mixed astigmatism. In cases with ametropia, most of them were mild, and 97 eyes (4.23%) were moderate and severe. Anisometropia occurred in 34 infants (2.97%), and 7 infants (11 eyes, 0.48%) had strabismus. The degree of hypermetropia decreased with the increase of age. The percentage of astigmatism decreased with the age increase (chi(2) = 7.46, P<0.01), and the degree of astigmatism also decreased with the age increase (chi(2) = 26.1l, P < 0.01). Myopia increased with the age increase (chi(2) = 4.06, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

The prevention of amblyopia and strabismus in children should begin at the infant period, and the cases with moderate and severe ametropia should wear eye glasses as early as possible.

摘要

目的

研究婴幼儿屈光状态，在群体筛查屈光时发现屈光不正并予以恰当矫正，尽早治疗和预防弱视及斜视。

方法

对1146例1个月至3岁儿童（2291只眼）用托吡卡胺散瞳后检影验光，确定其屈光状态。

结果

统计结果显示，正视眼89只（3.88%），远视眼2139只（93.37%），近视眼38只（1.66%），散光眼560只（24.44%），混合散光眼25只（1.09%）。屈光不正者中多数为轻度，中、重度97只（4.23%）。34例婴幼儿（2.97%）有屈光参差，7例婴幼儿（11只眼，0.48%）有斜视。远视度数随年龄增长而降低。散光发生率随年龄增长而降低（χ² = 7.46，P<0.01），散光度数也随年龄增长而降低（χ² = 26.11，P < 0.01）。近视随年龄增长而增加（χ² = 4.06，P < 0.05）。