氙气可增加犬异氟烷麻醉期间的全身氧耗量。

Xenon increases total body oxygen consumption during isoflurane anaesthesia in dogs.

作者信息

Picker O, Schindler A W, Schwarte L A, Preckel B, Schlack W, Scheeren T W L, Thämer V

机构信息

Department of Anaesthesiology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.

出版信息

Br J Anaesth. 2002 Apr;88(4):546-54. doi: 10.1093/bja/88.4.546.

DOI:10.1093/bja/88.4.546

PMID:12066732

Abstract

BACKGROUND

This study was designed to examine whether the coupling between oxygen consumption (VO2) and cardiac output (CO) is maintained during xenon anaesthesia.

METHODS

We studied the relationship between VO2 (indirect calorimetry) and CO (ultrasound flowmetry) by adding xenon to isoflurane anaesthesia in five chronically instrumented dogs. Different mixtures of xenon (70% and 50%) and isoflurane (0-1.4%) were compared with isoflurane alone (1.4% and 2.8%). In addition, the autonomic nervous system was blocked (using hexamethonium) to study its influence on VO2 and CO during xenon anaesthesia.

RESULTS

Mean (SEM) VO2 increased from 3.4 (0.1) ml kg(-1) min(-1) during 1.4% isoflurane to 3.7 (0.2) and 4.0 (0.1) ml kg(-1) min(-1) after addition of 70% and 50% xenon, respectively (P<0.05), whereas CO and arterial pressure remained essentially unchanged. In contrast, 2.8% isoflurane reduced both, VO2 [from 3.4 (0.1) to 3.1 (0.1) ml kg(-1) min(-1)] and CO [from 96 (5) to 70 (3) ml kg(-1) min(-1)] (P<0.05). VO2 and CO correlated closely during isoflurane anaesthesia alone and also in the presence of xenon (r2=0.94 and 0.97, respectively), but the regression lines relating CO to VO2 differed significantly between conditions, with the line in the presence of xenon showing a 0.3-0.6 ml kg(-1) min(-1) greater VO2 for any given CO. Following ganglionic blockade, 50% and 70% xenon elicited a similar increase in VO2, while CO and blood pressure were unchanged.

CONCLUSIONS

Metabolic regulation of blood flow is maintained during xenon anaesthesia, but cardiovascular stability is accompanied by increased VO2. The increase in VO2 is independent of the autonomic nervous system and is probably caused by direct stimulation of the cellular metabolic rate.

摘要

背景

本研究旨在探讨在氙气麻醉期间氧耗（VO2）与心输出量（CO）之间的耦合是否得以维持。

方法

我们在五只长期植入仪器的犬中，通过在异氟烷麻醉中添加氙气，研究了VO2（间接测热法）与CO（超声流量计）之间的关系。将不同比例的氙气（70%和50%）与异氟烷（0 - 1.4%）的混合物与单独使用异氟烷（1.4%和2.8%）进行比较。此外，阻断自主神经系统（使用六甲铵）以研究其在氙气麻醉期间对VO2和CO的影响。

结果

平均（标准误）VO2在1.4%异氟烷麻醉期间为3.4（0.1）ml·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹，添加70%和50%氙气后分别增加至3.7（0.2）和4.0（0.1）ml·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹（P<0.05），而CO和动脉压基本保持不变。相比之下，2.8%异氟烷使VO2[从3.4（0.1）降至3.1（0.1）ml·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹]和CO[从96（5）降至70（3）ml·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹]均降低（P<0.05）。单独使用异氟烷麻醉期间以及存在氙气时，VO2与CO密切相关（r²分别为0.94和0.97），但不同条件下将CO与VO2相关联的回归线存在显著差异，在存在氙气的情况下，对于任何给定的CO，回归线显示VO2高出0.3 - 0.6 ml·kg⁻¹·min⁻¹。神经节阻断后，50%和70%氙气引起VO2类似的增加，而CO和血压未改变。