The Holyoake Codependency Index: further evidence of factorial validity.

The Holyoake Codependency Index (HCI) is a 13-item self-report scale that measures codependent traits. The HCI contains three subscales that correspond to key themes within the codependency literature and that were derived from factor analysis using a clinical sample of mainly females. The factor structure was subsequently replicated with an all-female general community sample. In this study the factor structure was replicated using a mixed-sex sample of 107 undergraduate university students and 378 other people who were snowball sampled from the student sample, and was found to hold for both male and female participants.