Cunha B A
Infectious Disease Division, Winthrop-University Hospital, Mineola and State University of New York School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York 11501, USA.
Clin Microbiol Infect. 2002 Aug;8(8):489-503. doi: 10.1046/j.1469-0691.2002.00496.x.
Bioterrorism has become a potential diagnostic consideration in infectious diseases. This article reviews the clinical presentation and differential diagnosis of potential bioterrorist agents when first presenting to the hospital in the emergency room setting. The characteristic clinical features of inhalation anthrax, tularemic pneumonia, plague pneumonia, including laboratory and radiographic finding, are discussed. Ebola vieus and smallpox are also discussed as potential bioterrorist-transmitted infections from the clinical and epidemiologic standpoint. In addition to the clinical features of the infectious diseases mentioned, the article discusses the infectious disease control and epidemiologic implications of these agents when employed as bioterrorist agents. The review concludes with suggestions for postexposure prophylaxis and therapy.
生物恐怖主义已成为传染病诊断中一个潜在的考量因素。本文回顾了潜在生物恐怖主义病原体在急诊室环境中首次就诊时的临床表现及鉴别诊断。文中讨论了吸入性炭疽、兔热病肺炎、鼠疫肺炎的特征性临床特点，包括实验室检查及影像学表现。还从临床和流行病学角度讨论了埃博拉病毒病和天花作为潜在生物恐怖主义传播感染的情况。除了上述传染病的临床特征外，本文还讨论了这些病原体作为生物恐怖主义病原体时的传染病控制及流行病学意义。综述最后提出了暴露后预防和治疗的建议。
