Schroeder D C, Oke J, Malin G, Wilson W H
The Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, Plymouth, UK.
Arch Virol. 2002 Sep;147(9):1685-98. doi: 10.1007/s00705-002-0841-3.
Emiliania huxleyi-specific viruses ( EhV) were isolated from E. huxleyi blooms off the coast of Plymouth, UK, in July 1999 and July/August 2001, and from an E. huxleyi bloom induced during a mesocosm experiment in a fjord off Bergen, Norway, during June 2000. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that all 10 virus isolates are 170-200 nm in diameter with an icosahedral symmetry. Their density is approximately 1.2 in CsCl gradients and they have large double stranded DNA genomes approximately 410 kb in size. Phylogenetic analysis of the DNA polymerase genes of these viruses suggests that EhV belongs to a new genus within the family of algal viruses, Phycodnaviridae. We propose to name this new virus genus Coccolithovirus. Differences within members of the Coccolithovirus were elucidated by host range analysis of the virus isolates and sequence analysis of a gene fragment encoding part of their putative major capsid protein. All 10 virus isolates within this new genus only infected E. huxleyi strains that have previously been shown to exhibit low dimethylsulphoniopropionate lyase (DMSP-lyase) activity (CCMP1516, CCMP374 and L), while E. huxleyi strains with high DMSP-lyase activity (CCMP373 and CCMP379) were resistant to infection.
1999年7月以及2001年7月/8月，在英国普利茅斯海岸外的赫氏颗石藻（Emiliania huxleyi）水华中分离出了赫氏颗石藻特异性病毒（EhV）；2000年6月，在挪威卑尔根附近峡湾进行的中尺度实验中诱发的赫氏颗石藻水华中也分离出了该病毒。透射电子显微镜显示，所有10株病毒分离株的直径为170 - 200纳米，呈二十面体对称。它们在氯化铯梯度中的密度约为1.2，拥有大约410千碱基大小的双链DNA大基因组。对这些病毒的DNA聚合酶基因进行系统发育分析表明，EhV属于藻类病毒科（Phycodnaviridae）中的一个新属。我们提议将这个新病毒属命名为颗石藻病毒属（Coccolithovirus）。通过对病毒分离株的宿主范围分析以及对编码其假定主要衣壳蛋白部分的基因片段进行序列分析，阐明了颗石藻病毒属成员之间的差异。这个新属中的所有10株病毒分离株仅感染先前已被证明具有低二甲基磺基丙酸裂解酶（DMSP - 裂解酶）活性的赫氏颗石藻菌株（CCMP1516、CCMP374和L），而具有高DMSP - 裂解酶活性的赫氏颗石藻菌株（CCMP373和CCMP379）对感染具有抗性。
