Contribution of the interleukin-1beta gene polymorphism in multiple system atrophy.

We studied genetic polymorphisms in the promoter region at position -511 of the interleukin (IL) -1beta gene (IL-1B-511) and at position -889 of the IL-1alpha gene (IL-1A-889), in 111 Japanese patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA) and 160 controls. The distribution of IL-1B-511 was significantly different between MSA patients and controls, because of the under-representation of patients with homozygotes for allele 2 (IL-1B-5112), a high producer of IL-1beta. The frequency of IL-1A-8892, a high secretor of IL-1alpha, was also decreased in MSA patients. Our findings suggest that abnormal cytokine expression may be implicated in the pathogenesis of MSA.