Meless Hailu, Tegbaru Belete, Messele Tsehaynesh, Tilahun Tesfaye, Dorigo-Zetsma Wendelien, Sanders Eduard, Wolday Dawit
Ethio-Netherlands AIDS Research Project (ENARP), P.O.Box 1242, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Ethiop Med J. 2002 Apr;40 Suppl 1:27-36.
To evaluate a simple and rapid testing strategy to diagnose HIV infection in Ethiopia, we subjected a panel of 688 sera with known HIV serologic status (confirmed by ELISA/WB or double ELISA) to 3 rapid assays: Determine HIV-1/2, Capillus HIV-1/2 and Serocard HIV. Samples were obtained from participants in a cohort study on HIV-infection (72%), from tuberculosis patients (18%) and from participants in surveillance studies among police recruits and commercial sex workers (10%). The panel consisted of 249 HIV-1 positive samples, of which 68 were HIV-1 subtype C and 1 HIV-1 subtype A, and 439 HIV-1 negative samples. Determine and Capillus were 100% sensitive and 99.8% specific, Serocard was 100% sensitive and specific. On retrospective evaluation, both parallel (samples tested simultaneously by two rapid assays) and serial (samples tested by two consecutive rapid assays) testing algorithms were 100% sensitive and specific when compared to ELISA/WB or double ELISA testing strategy. In conclusion rapid assays have high sensitivity and specificity. HIV serodiagnosis based on rapid assays may therefore be a valuable alternative in voluntary counselling and testing centres and in facilities where sophisticated laboratories are not available.
为评估一种用于诊断埃塞俄比亚HIV感染的简单快速检测策略，我们对一组688份已知HIV血清学状态（经ELISA/WB或双ELISA确认）的血清样本进行了3种快速检测：Determine HIV-1/2、Capillus HIV-1/2和Serocard HIV检测。样本取自一项HIV感染队列研究的参与者（72%）、结核病患者（18%）以及警察新兵和商业性工作者监测研究的参与者（10%）。该样本组包括249份HIV-1阳性样本，其中68份为HIV-1 C亚型，1份为HIV-1 A亚型，以及439份HIV-1阴性样本。Determine和Capillus检测的灵敏度均为100%，特异性为99.8%，Serocard检测的灵敏度和特异性均为100%。回顾性评估显示，与ELISA/WB或双ELISA检测策略相比，平行检测（样本同时用两种快速检测法检测）和串联检测（样本先后用两种快速检测法检测）算法的灵敏度和特异性均为100%。总之，快速检测具有高灵敏度和特异性。因此，基于快速检测的HIV血清学诊断在自愿咨询检测中心以及没有精密实验室的机构中可能是一种有价值的替代方法。
