Siljander Pia R-M, Munnix Imke C A, Smethurst Peter A, Deckmyn Hans, Lindhout Theo, Ouwehand Willem H, Farndale Richard W, Heemskerk Johan W M
Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Main Bldg, Downing Site, Tennis Court Rd, CB2 1QW Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Blood. 2004 Feb 15;103(4):1333-41. doi: 10.1182/blood-2003-03-0889. Epub 2003 Oct 16.
The platelet glycoproteins (GPs) Ib, integrin alpha(2)beta(1), and GPVI are considered central to thrombus formation. Recently, their relative importance has been re-evaluated based on data from murine knockout models. To examine their relationship during human thrombus formation on collagen type I fibers at high shear (1000 s(-1)), we tested a novel antibody against GPVI, an immunoglobulin single-chain variable fragment, 10B12, together with specific antagonists for GPIb alpha (12G1 Fab(2)) and alpha(2)beta(1) (6F1 mAb or GFOGER-GPP peptide). GPVI was found to be crucial for aggregate formation, Ca(2+) signaling, and phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure, but not for primary adhesion, even with more than 97% receptor blockade. Inhibiting alpha(2)beta(1) revealed its involvement in regulating Ca(2+) signaling, PS exposure, and aggregate size. Both GPIb alpha and alpha(2)beta(1) contributed to primary adhesion, showing overlapping function. The coinhibition of receptors revealed synergism in thrombus formation: the coinhibition of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) receptors with collagen receptors further decreased adhesion and aggregation, and, crucially, the complete eradication of thrombus formation required the coinhibition of GPVI with either GPIb alpha or alpha(2)beta(1). In summary, human platelet deposition on collagen depends on the concerted interplay of several receptors: GPIb in synergy with alpha(2)beta(1) mediating primary adhesion, reinforced by activation through GPVI, which further regulates the thrombus formation.
血小板糖蛋白(GPs)Ib、整合素α(2)β(1)和GPVI被认为是血栓形成的核心。最近,基于小鼠基因敲除模型的数据,它们的相对重要性已被重新评估。为了研究它们在高剪切力(1000 s(-1))下人类血栓在I型胶原纤维上形成过程中的关系,我们测试了一种针对GPVI的新型抗体,即免疫球蛋白单链可变片段10B12,以及针对GPIbα(12G1 Fab(2))和α(2)β(1)(6F1单克隆抗体或GFOGER - GPP肽)的特异性拮抗剂。研究发现,GPVI对于聚集体形成、Ca(2+)信号传导和磷脂酰丝氨酸(PS)暴露至关重要,但即使受体阻断率超过97%,对初始黏附也并非关键因素。抑制α(2)β(1)显示其参与调节Ca(2+)信号传导、PS暴露和聚集体大小。GPIbα和α(2)β(1)都对初始黏附起作用,表现出重叠功能。受体的联合抑制在血栓形成中显示出协同作用:二磷酸腺苷(ADP)受体与胶原受体的联合抑制进一步降低了黏附和聚集,并且至关重要的是,完全消除血栓形成需要GPVI与GPIbα或α(2)β(1)联合抑制。总之,人类血小板在胶原上的沉积取决于多种受体的协同相互作用:GPIb与α(2)β(1)协同介导初始黏附,通过GPVI激活得到加强,GPVI进一步调节血栓形成。