利用聚合酶链式反应揭示巴西潘塔纳尔湿地家畜锥虫病的隐秘动物流行病学。
Using PCR for unraveling the cryptic epizootiology of livestock trypanosomosis in the Pantanal, Brazil.
作者信息
Dávila A M R, Herrera H M, Schlebinger T, Souza S S, Traub-Cseko Y M
机构信息
Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Tripanosomatídeos, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Av Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21045-900, Brazil.
出版信息
Vet Parasitol. 2003 Nov 3;117(1-2):1-13. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2003.08.002.
Trypanosoma vivax and Trypanosoma evansi are livestock parasites of economic importance in Africa, Asia and South America. In the Pantanal, Brazil, they cause economic losses in both cattle and equines. Little is known of their maintenance and spread in nature, particularly in terms of reservoirs and means of mechanical transmission. Here we report for the first time the use of PCR for the detection of T. vivax and T. evansi in bovines, buffaloes and sheep. Whereas parasitological diagnosis detected only two T. vivax infections, one in buffalo and another in a cow, PCR detected infections in 34.8% buffaloes, 44.7% bovines and 37.3% sheep. Trypanozoon primers detected 41.8% infections in buffaloes and 8.1% in cattle. PCR revealed 6.9% mixed infections in buffaloes and 5.3% in cattle. The potential role of cattle and buffaloes as hosts and reservoirs of T. vivax is discussed, as well as the implications of possible extravascular foci in the maintenance of livestock trypanosomosis.
活泼锥虫和伊氏锥虫是在非洲、亚洲和南美洲具有经济重要性的家畜寄生虫。在巴西的潘塔纳尔湿地，它们会给牛和马造成经济损失。人们对它们在自然界中的生存和传播知之甚少，尤其是关于储存宿主和机械传播方式。在此，我们首次报告了利用聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测牛、水牛和绵羊体内的活泼锥虫和伊氏锥虫。寄生虫学诊断仅检测到两例活泼锥虫感染，一例在水牛体内，另一例在奶牛体内，而PCR检测到34.8%的水牛、44.7%的牛和37.3%的绵羊受到感染。锥虫属引物检测到41.8%的水牛和8.1%的牛受到感染。PCR显示水牛中有6.9%的混合感染，牛中有5.3%的混合感染。本文讨论了牛和水牛作为活泼锥虫宿主和储存宿主的潜在作用，以及可能的血管外病灶在维持家畜锥虫病方面的影响。
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