Bulsara Caroline, Ward Alison, Joske David
School of Population Health, Department General Practice, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
J Clin Nurs. 2004 Feb;13(2):251-8. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2702.2003.00886.x.
The role that empowerment plays through involving haematological cancer patients and their families in their treatment and care is undeniable. It encompasses the implementation of various strategies to achieve a sense of empowerment.
This phenomenological study sought to identify core strategies used by cancer patients regardless of their illness stage and prognosis who exhibited a strong sense of empowerment in coping with their condition.
A phenomenological approach using an in depth interviewing technique was used to identify the common factors which patients and spouses believed could enable them to achieve a measure of control in managing their illness. These measures were referred to as coping strategies.
It was decided to conduct a purposive study and re-interview seven of 12 patients who had previously participated in a pilot Haematology Shared Care project and who had developed a high level of ability in coping with their illness. At the patient's discretion, spouses were invited to participate and to contribute to the interview. Three spouses participated in the interviewing process.
Common strategies emerged regardless of the patient's stage of illness and prognosis. Informants identified the determination to remain in control of the illness and treatment side effects, having the support of family and significant others, illness acceptance and maintaining hope as crucial to their sense of empowerment.
It is hoped that clinicians will gain a deeper understanding of the varied and numerous strategies used by cancer patients in coping with their illness. This understanding will ensure that by encouraging these strategies, patients and their families will be supported by health professionals to achieve a greater sense of empowerment. As this and other studies have shown, working alongside health professionals contributes to empowerment for both the cancer patient and significant others in their lives.
让血液癌症患者及其家属参与到治疗和护理过程中所发挥的赋权作用是不可否认的。它包括实施各种策略以实现赋权感。
本现象学研究旨在确定癌症患者所采用的核心策略，这些患者无论疾病阶段和预后如何，在应对自身病情时都表现出强烈的赋权感。
采用现象学方法，运用深度访谈技术来确定患者及其配偶认为能够使他们在管理疾病方面获得一定控制权的共同因素。这些措施被称为应对策略。
决定进行一项有目的的研究，并对12名曾参与血液学共享护理试点项目且在应对疾病方面具备较高能力的患者中的7名进行再次访谈。根据患者的意愿，邀请其配偶参与并为访谈做出贡献。三名配偶参与了访谈过程。
无论患者的疾病阶段和预后如何，都出现了一些共同策略。受访者认为，对疾病和治疗副作用保持掌控的决心、拥有家人和重要他人的支持、接受疾病以及保持希望对于他们的赋权感至关重要。
希望临床医生能更深入地了解癌症患者在应对疾病时所采用的各种策略。这种理解将确保通过鼓励这些策略，患者及其家属能得到健康专业人员的支持，从而获得更强的赋权感。正如本研究及其他研究所示，与健康专业人员合作有助于癌症患者及其生活中的重要他人实现赋权。
