Weber J, Spring A
Neurochirurgische Klinik, Leopoldina KH, Schweinfurt.
Z Orthop Ihre Grenzgeb. 2004 Mar-Apr;142(2):184-7. doi: 10.1055/s-2004-818771.
This article describes the prevalence of degenerative changes of the upper cervical spine (C1-C2) and cervical facet joints found during investigations of spinal column remains.
This study was conducted on a sample of 196 cervical spines from southwestern Germany which derive from the 6th to 8th centuries AD. The degenerative lesions were classified into grades 1 (marginal osteophytes), 2 (uneven joint surfaces), or 3 (osseous ankylosis).
Of the skeletons examined, 19.4 % (n = 38) showed degenerative changes of the cervical facet joints and/or upper cervical spine (mean age at death was 44 years). The medial (6.1 %) and lateral (0.6 %) atlanto-axial joints were rarely involved in degenerative changes. The facet joints from C3-C4 to C6-C7 showed degenerative changes in 8.0-11.7 % of cases (usually grade 1 and 2). The C2-C3 facet joints were significantly involved in degenerative changes in 19.7 % of cases, one fourth of which were osseous ankylosis (grade 3).
The C2-C3 facet joints showed a high rate of degenerative changes.
本文描述了在脊柱遗骸研究中发现的上颈椎（C1-C2）和颈椎小关节退变的发生率。
本研究对来自公元6至8世纪德国西南部的196个颈椎样本进行了研究。退变病变分为1级（边缘骨赘）、2级（关节面不平）或3级（骨性强直）。
在所检查的骨骼中，19.4%（n = 38）显示颈椎小关节和/或上颈椎有退变改变（平均死亡年龄为44岁）。寰枢内侧关节（6.1%）和外侧关节（0.6%）很少发生退变改变。C3-C4至C6-C7小关节在8.0%-11.7%的病例中出现退变改变（通常为1级和2级）。C2-C3小关节在19.7%的病例中显著出现退变改变，其中四分之一为骨性强直（3级）。
C2-C3小关节显示出较高的退变发生率。
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