Wang Tao, Quisenberry Sharron S, Ni Xinzhi, Tolmay Vicki
Department of Entomology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 2004 Apr;97(2):661-7. doi: 10.1603/0022-0493-97.2.661.
Chlorophyll degradation enzyme (i.e., chlorophyllase, Mg-dechelatase, and chlorophyll oxidase) activities of aphid-infested and uninfested 'Tugela' and Tugela near-isogenic wheat lines (i.e., Tugela-Dn1, Tugela-Dn2, and Tugela-Dn5) were assayed. Chlorophyllase activity was higher in bird cherry-oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) (Homoptera: Aphididae),-infested wheat lines compared with Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko) (Homoptera: Aphididae)]-infested and uninfested plants. Mg-dechelatase activity was higher in D. noxia-infested wheat lines than in R. padi-infested and uninfested plants. Also, Mg-dechelatase activity was lower in Tugela wheat infested with D. noxia than in Tugela near-isogenic lines with Dn genes. Based on the in vitro assays of chlorophyll degradation enzyme (i.e., chlorophyllase and Mg-dechelatase) activities, we proposed that the chlorotic symptoms observed on D. noxia-infested Tugela wheat were most likely to be elicited by unbalanced chlorophyll biosynthesis and degradation.
对受蚜虫侵害和未受侵害的“图盖拉”小麦以及图盖拉近等基因系小麦（即图盖拉 - Dn1、图盖拉 - Dn2和图盖拉 - Dn5）的叶绿素降解酶（即叶绿素酶、镁脱螯合酶和叶绿素氧化酶）活性进行了测定。与受俄罗斯小麦蚜虫[麦二叉蚜（Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko)，同翅目：蚜科）]侵害及未受侵害的植株相比，受鸟樱桃 - 燕麦蚜[禾谷缢管蚜（Rhopalosiphum padi (L.)，同翅目：蚜科）]侵害的小麦品系中叶绿素酶活性更高。在受麦二叉蚜侵害的小麦品系中，镁脱螯合酶活性高于受禾谷缢管蚜侵害及未受侵害的植株。此外，受麦二叉蚜侵害的图盖拉小麦中镁脱螯合酶活性低于具有Dn基因的图盖拉近等基因系。基于叶绿素降解酶（即叶绿素酶和镁脱螯合酶）活性的体外测定，我们推测在受麦二叉蚜侵害的图盖拉小麦上观察到的褪绿症状很可能是由叶绿素生物合成和降解失衡引起的。
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