首尔市学前视力筛查项目：韩国的结果
The Seoul Metropolitan Preschool Vision Screening Programme: results from South Korea.
作者信息
Lim H T, Yu Y S, Park S-H, Ahn H, Kim S, Lee M, Jeong J-Y, Shin K H, Koo B S
机构信息
Department of Ophthalmology, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
出版信息
Br J Ophthalmol. 2004 Jul;88(7):929-33. doi: 10.1136/bjo.2003.029066.
AIM
To report on a new model of preschool vision screening that was performed in metropolitan Seoul and to investigate the distribution of various ocular disorders in this metropolitan preschool population.
METHODS
Vision screening was conducted on 36 973 kindergarten children aged 3-5 years in a stepwise manner. The first step was home screening using a set of five picture cards and a questionnaire. The children who did not pass the first step (VA <0.5 in at least one eye or any abnormal responses on the questionnaire) were retested with regular vision charts at the regional public healthcare centres. After this retest, some children were referred to ophthalmologists. The referral criteria for visual acuity were <0.5 at 3 years and <0.63 at 4 or 5 years in at least one eye.
RESULTS
Of those screened, 7116 (19.2%) children did not pass the home screening tests and 2058 (28.9%) out of the 7116 were referred. The results of the ophthalmological examination in eye clinics were only available for 894 children (43.4%) of those who were referred. The rest of the children did not visit ophthalmologists because they had been checked at an eye clinic, were currently under treatment, or for personal reasons. Refractive errors were found in 608 (1.6%) children. Astigmatism was associated in 78.2% of ametropes. Amblyopia was discovered in 149 (0.4%) children and refractive error was the major aetiology with a predominant rate (82.5%). Manifest strabismus was detected in 52 children. The positive predictive value of vision screening for any ophthalmological disorder was 0.77, and 0.49 for significant disorders requiring treatment.
CONCLUSIONS
This preschool vision screening model was highly accessible to the children and their parents, easy to administer, and effective to detect a variety of ocular disorders. However, the participation rate of the referred children in the examinations by ophthalmologists was quite low. The performance and efficiency of this screening programme need to be optimised with further revision.
目的
报告在首尔大都市进行的一种新的学龄前视力筛查模式，并调查该大都市学龄前儿童各种眼部疾病的分布情况。
方法
对36973名3至5岁的幼儿园儿童进行了逐步视力筛查。第一步是使用一套五张图片卡片和一份问卷进行家庭筛查。未通过第一步筛查的儿童（至少一只眼睛视力<0.5或问卷上有任何异常回答）在地区公共医疗中心用常规视力表进行重新测试。重新测试后，一些儿童被转诊至眼科医生处。视力转诊标准为3岁时至少一只眼睛视力<0.5，4或5岁时<0.63。
结果
在接受筛查的儿童中，7116名（19.2%）未通过家庭筛查测试，其中2058名（28.9%）被转诊。眼科诊所的眼科检查结果仅适用于被转诊儿童中的894名（43.4%）。其余儿童未去看眼科医生，原因是他们已在眼科诊所检查过、正在接受治疗或出于个人原因。在608名（1.6%）儿童中发现屈光不正。78.2%的屈光不正患者伴有散光。在149名（0.4%）儿童中发现弱视，屈光不正为主要病因，占主导比例（82.5%）。检测到52名儿童有明显斜视。视力筛查对任何眼科疾病的阳性预测值为0.77，对需要治疗的严重疾病为0.49。
结论
这种学龄前视力筛查模式对儿童及其家长来说非常容易参与，易于实施，并且能有效检测出各种眼部疾病。然而，被转诊儿童去看眼科医生的参与率相当低。该筛查项目的性能和效率需要通过进一步修订进行优化。
Zotero 插件