Parenteral immunization to beta-lactoglobulin modifies the intestinal structure and mucosal electrical parameters in rabbit.

Systemic and local immune responses and the intestinal structure were examined in parenterally beta-Lg-sensitized rabbits. Immunization led to high IgG titers against beta-Lg. In a Ussing chamber, a sensitized ileum had a higher short-circuit current (Isc) and potential difference (PD) than a control following in vitro beta-Lg challenge. Histological study indicated that presence of the sensitizing antigen affected and considerably modified the structure of the intestinal mucosa in sensitized rabbits when compared to controls. These alterations were revealed by active atrophy and marked infiltration of the lymphocytes. These findings indicate that antigen exposure results in morphological changes and abnormalities affecting the transport of water and electrolytes. This study provides a clearer understanding of the physiopathological mechanisms of allergy to cow's milk protein.