Altemus Margaret, Fong Jill, Yang Ruirong, Damast Shari, Luine Victoria, Ferguson Deveroux
Department of Psychiatry, Weill Medical College, Cornell University, New York, New York 10021, USA.
Biol Psychiatry. 2004 Sep 15;56(6):386-92. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.06.002.
Little is known about changes in brain function that may occur during pregnancy. Studies in rodents and sheep suggest that several brain neurotransmitter and neurohormonal systems known to modulate anxiety may be altered during pregnancy.
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma samples were obtained from 21 women (during weeks 38-39 of pregnancy) who were undergoing elective cesarean section and from 22 healthy nonpregnant women.
The CSF levels of g-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycolwere reduced in pregnant women. There were no changes in CSF glutamate, 5-hydroxyindoleactic acid, and homovanillic acid. There was a large increase in CSF prolactin in pregnant women and also a trend toward an elevation in CSF oxytocin. Levels of prolactin, but not oxytocin, in CSF and plasma were correlated in pregnant women.
These results suggest that pregnancy alters regulation of brain GABA, norepinephrine, and prolactin, which may play a role in changes in vulnerability to anxiety and depression during pregnancy and postpartum. Prolactin circulating in the bloodstream seems to be the major source of CSF prolactin during pregnancy.
关于孕期可能发生的脑功能变化，人们了解甚少。对啮齿动物和绵羊的研究表明，已知调节焦虑的几种脑内神经递质和神经激素系统在孕期可能会发生改变。
从21名接受择期剖宫产的孕妇（妊娠38 - 39周）和22名健康非孕女性中获取脑脊液（CSF）和血浆样本。
孕妇脑脊液中γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）和3-甲氧基-4-羟基苯乙二醇水平降低。脑脊液中的谷氨酸、5-羟吲哚乙酸和高香草酸无变化。孕妇脑脊液中催乳素大幅增加，脑脊液中催产素也有升高趋势。孕妇脑脊液和血浆中的催乳素水平相关，但催产素水平不相关。
这些结果表明，孕期会改变脑内GABA、去甲肾上腺素和催乳素的调节，这可能在孕期及产后焦虑和抑郁易感性变化中起作用。孕期血液中循环的催乳素似乎是脑脊液中催乳素的主要来源。
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