长时程增强和长时程抑制：丰富得令人为难。

LTP and LTD: an embarrassment of riches.

作者信息

Malenka Robert C, Bear Mark F

机构信息

Nancy Pritzker Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.

出版信息

Neuron. 2004 Sep 30;44(1):5-21. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2004.09.012.

DOI:10.1016/j.neuron.2004.09.012

PMID:15450156

Abstract

LTP and LTD, the long-term potentiation and depression of excitatory synaptic transmission, are widespread phenomena expressed at possibly every excitatory synapse in the mammalian brain. It is now clear that "LTP" and "LTD" are not unitary phenomena. Their mechanisms vary depending on the synapses and circuits in which they operate. Here we review those forms of LTP and LTD for which mechanisms have been most firmly established. Examples are provided that show how these mechanisms can contribute to experience-dependent modifications of brain function.

摘要

长时程增强（LTP）和长时程抑制（LTD），即兴奋性突触传递的长期增强和抑制，是广泛存在的现象，可能在哺乳动物大脑的每个兴奋性突触处都有表现。现在很清楚，“LTP”和“LTD”并非单一现象。它们的机制因所作用的突触和神经回路而异。在这里，我们回顾那些机制已得到最确凿证实的LTP和LTD形式。文中提供了一些例子，展示了这些机制如何有助于大脑功能的经验依赖性修饰。