[Prevention of type 2 diabetes--an overview].

BACKGROUND

The incidence of type 2 diabetes is increasing. Epidemiological data indicate a need to investigate possible interventions to prevent or delay the onset.

METHODS

Diabetologic and pharmacologic information was retrieved from review papers. Additionally, the Cochrane library and PubMed were searched for relevant studies.

RESULTS

Recent studies have demonstrated the efficacy of lifestyle intervention and metformin treatment in impaired glucose tolerance. Surgical treatment for obesity could be beneficial for individuals with BMI > 35. Recommendations from the American Diabetes Association for the prevention of type 2 diabetes are opportunistic screening, intervention on lifestyle factors such as physical activity and weight reduction, and also on cardiovascular risk factors.

INTERPRETATION

"Prediabetes" should be identified and treated by lifestyle intervention in primary health care. National guidelines for primary prevention should also be established.