水回收系统中用于反渗透（RO）膜的生物过滤预处理

Biofiltration pretreatment for reverse osmosis (RO) membrane in a water reclamation system.

作者信息

Hu J Y, Song L F, Ong S L, Phua E T, Ng W J

机构信息

Center for Water Research, Department of Civil Engineering, National University of Singapore, 10 Kent Ridge Crescent, 119260, Singapore.

出版信息

Chemosphere. 2005 Mar;59(1):127-33. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.09.096.

DOI:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.09.096

PMID:15698653

Abstract

Biofouling control is considered as a major challenge in operating membrane systems. A lab-scale RO system was setup at a local water reclamation plant to study the feasibility of using biofiltration as a pretreatment process to control the biofouling. The biological activity in the RO system (feed, product, reject streams) was tested using the standard serial dilution plating technique. Operational parameters such as differential pressure (DP) and permeate flowrate of the system were also monitored. Effects of biofilter on AOC and DOC removals were investigated. Biofiltration was found to be a viable way of assimilable organic carbon (AOC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) removals, with removal efficiencies of 40-49% and 35-45% at an empty bed contact time (EBCT) of 30 min. It was also found that using the biofiltration as a pretreatment reduced the rate of biofouling. It took only about 72 h for biofouling to have a significant impact on the performance of the RO membrane, when the system was operated without using biofiltration as pretreatment. There was, however, a five times increase in operational length to more than 300 h when biofiltration was used. This study presented the suitability of the biofilter as an economical and simple way of biofouling control for RO membrane.

摘要

生物污染控制被认为是膜系统运行中的一项重大挑战。在当地的水回收厂建立了一个实验室规模的反渗透（RO）系统，以研究使用生物过滤作为预处理工艺来控制生物污染的可行性。使用标准的系列稀释平板计数技术对RO系统（进水、产水、浓水流）中的生物活性进行了测试。还监测了系统的运行参数，如压差（DP）和渗透流量。研究了生物滤池对可同化有机碳（AOC）和溶解有机碳（DOC）去除的影响。结果发现，生物过滤是去除可同化有机碳（AOC）和溶解有机碳（DOC）的一种可行方法，在空床接触时间（EBCT）为30分钟时，去除效率分别为40 - 49%和35 - 45%。还发现，将生物过滤用作预处理可降低生物污染速率。当系统在不使用生物过滤作为预处理的情况下运行时，生物污染只需约72小时就会对RO膜的性能产生显著影响。然而，当使用生物过滤时，运行时长增加了五倍，超过了300小时。本研究表明生物滤池作为一种经济且简单的RO膜生物污染控制方法是合适的。