青少年酒精使用障碍的诊断与评估
Diagnosis and assessment of alcohol use disorders among adolescents.
作者信息
Martin C S, Winters K C
机构信息
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh Adolescent Alcohol Research Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
出版信息
Alcohol Health Res World. 1998;22(2):95-105.
Abstract
The diagnostic criteria for alcohol use disorders (AUDs) (i.e., alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence) as defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) were developed largely from research and clinical experience with adults. Little is known about the validity of these criteria when applied to adolescents. Recent epidemiological and clinical studies of AUDs and their symptoms among adolescents have indicated that the DSM-IV criteria have significant limitations when applied to this age group. Diagnostic interviews and screening tools for adolescent AUDs are discussed. Numerous instruments are available that have shown moderate-to-high reliability and validity in assessing AUDs among adolescents.
摘要
《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版（DSM-IV）中定义的酒精使用障碍（AUDs，即酒精滥用和酒精依赖）的诊断标准主要是基于对成年人的研究和临床经验制定的。对于将这些标准应用于青少年时的有效性，人们知之甚少。近期关于青少年AUDs及其症状的流行病学和临床研究表明，DSM-IV标准应用于该年龄组时有显著局限性。本文讨论了青少年AUDs的诊断访谈和筛查工具。有许多工具可用于评估青少年的AUDs，这些工具在评估时已显示出中度至高的信度和效度。
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