Parkin D Max, Bray Freddie, Ferlay J, Pisani Paola
Unit of Descriptive Epidemiology, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
CA Cancer J Clin. 2005 Mar-Apr;55(2):74-108. doi: 10.3322/canjclin.55.2.74.
Estimates of the worldwide incidence, mortality and prevalence of 26 cancers in the year 2002 are now available in the GLOBOCAN series of the International Agency for Research on Cancer. The results are presented here in summary form, including the geographic variation between 20 large "areas" of the world. Overall, there were 10.9 million new cases, 6.7 million deaths, and 24.6 million persons alive with cancer (within three years of diagnosis). The most commonly diagnosed cancers are lung (1.35 million), breast (1.15 million), and colorectal (1 million); the most common causes of cancer death are lung cancer (1.18 million deaths), stomach cancer (700,000 deaths), and liver cancer (598,000 deaths). The most prevalent cancer in the world is breast cancer (4.4 million survivors up to 5 years following diagnosis). There are striking variations in the risk of different cancers by geographic area. Most of the international variation is due to exposure to known or suspected risk factors related to lifestyle or environment, and provides a clear challenge to prevention.
国际癌症研究机构的全球癌症发病率(GLOBOCAN)系列现已提供了2002年全球26种癌症的发病率、死亡率和患病率估计数据。以下是这些结果的简要汇总,包括世界20个大“区域”之间的地理差异。总体而言,有1090万新发病例、670万死亡病例,以及2460万癌症存活患者(诊断后三年内)。最常诊断出的癌症是肺癌(135万例)、乳腺癌(115万例)和结直肠癌(100万例);最常见的癌症死亡原因是肺癌(118万例死亡)、胃癌(70万例死亡)和肝癌(59.8万例死亡)。世界上最普遍的癌症是乳腺癌(诊断后5年内有440万存活者)。不同癌症的风险在地理区域上存在显著差异。大多数国际差异是由于接触与生活方式或环境相关的已知或疑似风险因素所致,这对预防工作构成了明确挑战。