Schadt Courtney R, Duffis Ennis I, Charles P David
Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.
Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2005 Mar;6(3):419-28. doi: 10.1517/14656566.6.3.419.
Tremor is often a disabling primary condition or secondary to another disorder. No universally effective pharmacological agent exists for the treatment of essential tremor, and patients differ greatly in their response to therapies, thus requiring individualised regimens. Deep brain stimulation is the best option for patients with disabling, drug-resistant essential tremor. Resting tremor in Parkinson's disease is usually not the primary disabling feature, and in most cases, levodopa/carbidopa is satisfactory for many years. Young Parkinson's patients with dominant, disabling tremor benefit from anticholinergics in addition to dopaminergic therapies. However, older Parkinson's patients with more disabling tremor may suffer from dose-dependent side effects, and deep brain stimulation should be considered. This article outlines the available pharmacological agents and treatment considerations for various disabling tremors, including essential tremor and Parkinson's disease.
震颤通常是一种致残的原发性疾病,或继发于另一种疾病。目前尚无普遍有效的药物治疗特发性震颤,患者对治疗的反应差异很大,因此需要个体化治疗方案。对于致残性、耐药性特发性震颤患者,深部脑刺激是最佳选择。帕金森病的静止性震颤通常不是主要的致残特征,在大多数情况下,左旋多巴/卡比多巴多年来效果令人满意。以震颤为主且致残的年轻帕金森病患者,除多巴胺能治疗外,还可从抗胆碱能药物中获益。然而,震颤致残更严重的老年帕金森病患者可能会出现剂量依赖性副作用,应考虑深部脑刺激治疗。本文概述了各种致残性震颤(包括特发性震颤和帕金森病)可用的药物及治疗注意事项。