Tweddell James S, Pelech Andrew N, Jaquiss Robert D B, Frommelt Peter C, Mussatto Kathleen A, Hoffman George M, Litwin S Bert
Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 53226, USA.
Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg Pediatr Card Surg Annu. 2005:112-21. doi: 10.1053/j.pcsu.2005.01.013.
Aortic valve replacement options are limited in children, and all of them have disadvantages. Aortic valve repair techniques have evolved slowly and have not gained wide acceptance; however, large series using a variety of techniques demonstrate that valve repair is possible with excellent early hemodynamics and satisfactory intermediate durability. The results of aortic valve repair at the Children's Hospital of Wisconsin are presented. Simple repairs (blunt valvotomy, commissurotomy, or commissurotomy with leaflet thinning) directed at congenital aortic stenosis resulted in 86% +/- 5% freedom from reintervention at 10 years. Repair of aortic insufficiency with ventricular septal defect (VSD) resulted in 93.3% +/- 6% freedom from reoperation at 10 years. Complex repairs included a combination of techniques and yielded 5-year freedom from reintervention of 83% +/- 7% compared with 73% +/- 11% for patients undergoing aortic valve replacement (P = .62). Aortic valve repair provides an alternative to aortic valve replacement in selected patients. The utility of aortic valve repair and aortic valve replacement must be measured not only in freedom from reintervention but also in regression of left ventricular mass and exercise testing. Improvement in outcome depends on better patient selection and suitable bioprosthetic materials.
儿童主动脉瓣置换的选择有限,且所有这些选择都有缺点。主动脉瓣修复技术发展缓慢,尚未得到广泛认可;然而,大量采用各种技术的病例系列表明,瓣膜修复是可行的,早期血流动力学良好,中期耐久性令人满意。本文介绍了威斯康星儿童医院主动脉瓣修复的结果。针对先天性主动脉狭窄进行的简单修复(钝性瓣膜切开术、交界切开术或带瓣叶变薄的交界切开术),10年时再次干预的自由度为86%±5%。合并室间隔缺损(VSD)的主动脉瓣关闭不全修复,10年时再次手术的自由度为93.3%±6%。复杂修复包括多种技术的联合应用,5年再次干预的自由度为83%±7%,而接受主动脉瓣置换的患者为73%±11%(P = 0.62)。主动脉瓣修复为部分患者提供了主动脉瓣置换的替代方案。主动脉瓣修复和主动脉瓣置换的效用不仅要通过再次干预的自由度来衡量,还要通过左心室质量的消退和运动试验来衡量。结果的改善取决于更好的患者选择和合适的生物假体材料。