Peraita-Adrados R
Unidad de neurofisiología de Trastornos del Sueño y Epilepsia, Hospital General Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
Rev Neurol. 2005;40(8):485-91.
This review aims to offer a panoramic overview of the most common sleep disorders, the methodology of the study, their clinical and physiopathological aspects and their treatment.
First, we give a brief overview of the methodology of the study of sleep/wakefulness with examinations which are considered essential today. Next, and following the International Classification, we describe sleep disorders which require the knowledge of a physician specialized in sleep pathology: insomnia, hypersomnia, circadian rhythm disorders and parasomnias. We also describe conditions related to sleep or worsened during sleep (snoring, apneas, cardiovascular disorders, etc.), the study of which requires the collaboration of a large number of specialists.
The study of sleep and wakefulness disorders is clearly a branch of medicine due to the high prevalence of these disorders in the general population, their morbidity and their negative consequences in social and working life, especially as a cause of road and workplace accidents.
本综述旨在全面概述最常见的睡眠障碍、研究方法、其临床和生理病理方面以及治疗方法。
首先，我们简要概述当今被认为至关重要的睡眠/觉醒研究方法。接下来，按照国际分类，我们描述需要睡眠病理学专科医生了解的睡眠障碍：失眠、嗜睡症、昼夜节律障碍和异态睡眠。我们还描述与睡眠相关或在睡眠期间恶化的情况（打鼾、呼吸暂停、心血管疾病等），对这些情况的研究需要众多专家的协作。
由于睡眠和觉醒障碍在普通人群中的高患病率、其发病率以及在社会和工作生活中的负面后果，尤其是作为道路和工作场所事故的原因，睡眠和觉醒障碍的研究显然是医学的一个分支。
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