对佛罗里达礁区的克利奥尼海绵调查表明存在陆源营养物质输入。

Clionid sponge surveys on the Florida Reef Tract suggest land-based nutrient inputs.

作者信息

Ward-Paige Christine A, Risk Michael J, Sherwood Owen A, Jaap Walter C

机构信息

School of Geography and Geology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.

出版信息

Mar Pollut Bull. 2005;51(5-7):570-9. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2005.04.006. Epub 2005 Jun 8.

DOI:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2005.04.006

PMID:15946702

Abstract

Bioerosion by Cliona delitrix and Cliona lampa was assessed at 43 sites along the Florida Reef Tract, USA, in the summer of 2001. Sponge abundances were estimated using rapid visual assessment. Tissue samples of sponges were taken for analysis of delta15N. Comparison samples were taken from Belize. Annual trends in sponge abundance were estimated from archived videos covering the period from 1996 to 2001. Sites with the greatest boring sponge size and cover were in the Backcountry and Lower Keys, where total nitrogen, ammonium, and delta15N levels were highest. The sites with the largest relative increase of C. delitrix and C. lampa over the 5 year period were in the Upper Keys, where the greatest relative decline in stony coral cover has occurred. Florida sponge delta15N values were 5.2(+/-0.1)%, suggesting the influence of human waste; in comparison, offshore Belize samples were 2.1(+/-0.1)%. These results suggest sewage contamination of the Florida Reef Tract, shifting the carbonate balance from construction to destruction.

摘要

2001年夏天，在美国佛罗里达礁区的43个地点对克利奥纳·德利特里克斯（Cliona delitrix）和兰帕克利奥纳海绵（Cliona lampa）造成的生物侵蚀进行了评估。使用快速目视评估法估算海绵的丰度。采集海绵的组织样本用于分析δ15N。对照样本取自伯利兹。根据1996年至2001年期间的存档视频估算海绵丰度的年度趋势。钻孔海绵尺寸和覆盖面积最大的地点位于内陆地区和下基韦斯特群岛，那里的总氮、铵和δ15N水平最高。在5年期间，德利特里克斯海绵和兰帕克利奥纳海绵相对增加量最大的地点位于上基韦斯特群岛，那里石珊瑚覆盖面积的相对下降幅度最大。佛罗里达海绵的δ15N值为5.2（±0.1）%，表明受到了人类排泄物的影响；相比之下，伯利兹近海样本的该值为2.1（±0.1）%。这些结果表明佛罗里达礁区受到了污水污染，使碳酸盐平衡从建设转向破坏。