Maddah Mohsen
Department of Human Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 41635-3197, Rasht, Iran.
Midwifery. 2005 Dec;21(4):365-70. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2005.02.004. Epub 2005 Aug 1.
to investigate pregnancy weight gain in a group of Iranian women who regularly attended urban public health centres for prenatal care in Rasht, Iran.
an existing data study analysing routinely collected health-centre data.
six randomly selected health centres in urban areas in Rasht.
704 pregnant women aged 26.1+/-5.6 years who regularly attended health centres for prenatal care and delivered between June 2002 and May 2003.
data on pre-pregnancy weight, height, total pregnancy weight gain, mother's age, smoking habit, parity, baby birth weight, mother's education and working status were extracted from the health records. The women were categorised based on their pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) as 'underweight', 'normal weight' and 'overweight' (and obese). Participants were also grouped on the basis of their years of schooling as 'low', 'intermediate' and 'high-education'; pregnancy weight gain was compared between groups and with recommended ranges.
weight gain below the lower cut-off recommended by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) were 64% and 67% in underweight and normal weight women, respectively. Baby birth weight and chance of low birth weight were negatively related to pre-pregnancy BMI and pregnancy weight gain. After controlling for the differences in parity, pre-pregnancy BMI, mothers' working status and age, highly educated women (>12 years schooling) gained more weight during pregnancy than women with an intermediate (5-12 years schooling) or lower level of education (< 5 years schooling).
this study indicated that a considerable proportion of underweight and normal weight women had pregnancy weight gain below the lower cut off recommended by the IOM. These findings suggest that, in terms of pregnancy weight gain, prenatal care in the present health system is unsatisfactory. It would seem that a more effective nutritional education programme, especially for less educated pregnant women, is necessary.
调查一组定期前往伊朗拉什特市城市公共卫生中心进行产前检查的伊朗女性的孕期体重增加情况。
一项分析常规收集的卫生中心数据的现有数据研究。
拉什特市城市地区随机选取的六个卫生中心。
704名年龄在26.1±5.6岁之间的孕妇，她们定期前往卫生中心进行产前检查，并于2002年6月至2003年5月期间分娩。
从健康记录中提取孕前体重、身高、孕期总体重增加、母亲年龄、吸烟习惯、产次、婴儿出生体重、母亲教育程度和工作状况等数据。根据孕前体重指数（BMI）将这些女性分为“体重过轻”、“正常体重”和“超重”（及肥胖）三类。参与者还根据受教育年限分为“低”、“中等”和“高学历”；比较了各组之间以及与推荐范围的孕期体重增加情况。
体重过轻和正常体重的女性中，体重增加低于医学研究所（IOM）推荐下限的分别为64%和67%。婴儿出生体重和低出生体重几率与孕前BMI和孕期体重增加呈负相关。在控制了产次、孕前BMI、母亲工作状况和年龄的差异后，高学历女性（受教育年限>12年）孕期体重增加比中等学历（受教育年限5 - 12年）或低学历（受教育年限<5年）的女性更多。
本研究表明，相当一部分体重过轻和正常体重的女性孕期体重增加低于IOM推荐的下限。这些发现表明，就孕期体重增加而言，当前卫生系统中的产前护理并不令人满意。似乎有必要开展更有效的营养教育项目，尤其是针对受教育程度较低的孕妇。
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