阿拉伯青少年人群中的切牙外伤：患病率、严重程度及咬合危险因素。

Incisor trauma in an adolescent Arab population: prevalence, severity, and occlusal risk factors.

作者信息

Artun Jon, Behbehani Faraj, Al-Jame Badreia, Kerosuo Heidi

机构信息

Department of Developmental and Preventive Sciences, Kuwait University, Kuwait City.

出版信息

Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2005 Sep;128(3):347-52. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2004.06.032.

DOI:10.1016/j.ajodo.2004.06.032

PMID:16168331

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Incisor trauma is a significant clinical problem in children and adolescents. The purposes of this study were to report on the prevalence and severity of incisor trauma in a large population-based sample of adolescent Kuwaiti residents in the early permanent dentition, to determine the ages of and reasons for the injuries, and to test for any effects of sex, incisor occlusion, and lip coverage on the prevalence of incisor trauma.

METHODS

Presence and type of traumatic injury were scored according to the National Institute of Dental Research index in a population-based sample of 795 girls and 788 boys with a mean age of 13.24 years (SD 0.42).

RESULTS

Trauma prevalence was higher (P < .001) in boys (19.3%) than in girls (9.7%), and in the maxilla (13.6%) than in the mandible (1.5%). Most (77.3 %) of the affected subjects had only 1 injured tooth, and most (83.7%) of the traumatized teeth were maxillary central incisors. A total of 90.3% of the injuries were unrepaired enamel or enamel/dentin fractures. The major reasons for the injuries were falls and blows indoors (48.4%) or outdoors (41.6%). Nearly two-thirds (63.0%) of the traumas occurred at age 10 years or later. Mean overjet (OJ) was larger (3.9 v 3.0 mm, P < .01), and lip incompetence more frequent (12.7% v 7.3%, P < .01) among the subjects with injured maxillary incisors than among those without. Logistic regression showed that the odds of maxillary incisor trauma were 2.8 times higher in subjects with OJ between 6.5 and 9.0 mm, and 3.7 times higher in subjects with OJ > or = 9.5 mm than in subjects with OJ < or = 3.5 mm.

CONCLUSIONS

Multiple logistic regression showed that the risk of maxillary incisor trauma was about 2 times higher in boys than in girls, and that the risk increased by 13% for every millimeter of increase in OJ. Lip competence was not included in the model. No associations were found between occlusion and mandibular incisor trauma.

摘要

引言

门牙外伤是儿童和青少年中一个重要的临床问题。本研究的目的是报告科威特青少年恒牙早期大样本群体上门牙外伤的患病率和严重程度，确定受伤的年龄和原因，并检验性别、门牙咬合及唇覆盖情况对门牙外伤患病率的影响。

方法

在一个基于人群的样本中，根据美国国立牙科研究所指数对795名女孩和788名男孩（平均年龄13.24岁，标准差0.42）的外伤情况及类型进行评分。

结果

男孩（19.3%）的外伤患病率高于女孩（9.7%）（P <.001），上颌（13.6%）高于下颌（1.5%）。大多数（77.3%）受影响的受试者仅有1颗牙齿受伤，且大多数（83.7%）受伤牙齿为上颌中切牙。总共90.3%的损伤为未修复的釉质或釉质/牙本质骨折。受伤的主要原因是在室内（48.4%）或室外（41.6%）摔倒和撞击。近三分之二（63.0%）的外伤发生在10岁及以后。与未受伤的上颌中切牙受试者相比，受伤上颌中切牙受试者的平均覆盖（OJ）更大（3.9对3.0毫米，P <.01），唇功能不全更常见（12.7%对7.3%，P <.01）。逻辑回归显示，OJ在6.5至9.0毫米之间的受试者上颌中切牙外伤几率比OJ≤3.5毫米的受试者高2.8倍，OJ≥9.5毫米的受试者比OJ≤3.5毫米的受试者高3.7倍。