Stephenson Max
Institute for Governance and Accountabilities, School of Public and International Affairs, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
Disasters. 2005 Dec;29(4):337-50. doi: 10.1111/j.0361-3666.2005.00296.x.
Effective coordination of humanitarian assistance activities remains elusive. This paper briefly addresses some of the reasons for what is widely perceived as a coordination dilemma in humanitarian affairs and argues for a new conceptualisation of the issue. Rather than continue to request that more authority be vested in a single organisation to secure coordination through top-down control, it contends that it may be timely to consider whether relief agencies involved in an emergency should be reconceived as social networks and efforts made to achieve changes in their organizational cultures that encourage operational coordination across institutional lines. Since such labours imply the need to trust, this article explores what forms of trust might be employed to promote improved coordination among relief institutions and how those relationships could themselves be conceptualised. Finally, while acknowledging that coordination is not costless, it suggests that its effective pursuit may be advantageous even in scenarios where aid organisations balk at cooperating to secure it.
人道主义援助活动的有效协调仍然难以实现。本文简要探讨了一些被广泛认为是人道主义事务中协调困境的原因,并主张对这一问题进行新的概念化。它认为,与其继续要求将更多权力赋予单一组织以通过自上而下的控制来确保协调,或许现在是时候考虑,参与紧急情况应对的救援机构是否应被重新视为社会网络,并努力促使其组织文化发生变化,以鼓励跨机构的行动协调。由于此类工作意味着需要信任,本文探讨了可以采用哪些信任形式来促进救援机构之间更好的协调,以及这些关系本身应如何概念化。最后,虽然承认协调并非没有成本,但它表明,即使在援助组织不愿为确保协调而合作的情况下,有效追求协调也可能是有益的。