Krötz M, Pfeifer K J, Reiser M, Linsenmaier U
Institut für Klinische Radiologie, Campus Innenstadt, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München.
Radiologe. 2005 Dec;45(12):1129-45; quiz 1146. doi: 10.1007/s00117-005-1302-2.
The most frequent cause of mortality during the first 4 h following severe trauma is uncontrollable hemorrhage from large arteries and parenchymal organs, whereas traumatic injuries of the heart and aorta are responsible for sudden death occurring at the accident site. It is therefore mandatory to diagnose and treat these injuries rapidly. Multislice spiral computed tomography is a highly useful imaging modality for severely injured patients. In this group of patients, various interventional procedures such as embolisation, stenting and temporary balloon occlusion may contribute to saving lives. In ruptures of the aorta and major arteries, stenting and temporary balloon occlusion may prevent exsanguination. Transcatheter embolisation is useful in hemorrhage from visceral organs, arteriovenous fistulas and secondary onset hemorrhage.
严重创伤后最初4小时内最常见的死亡原因是大动脉和实质器官无法控制的出血,而心脏和主动脉的创伤性损伤则是事故现场发生猝死的原因。因此,必须迅速诊断和治疗这些损伤。多层螺旋计算机断层扫描是一种对重伤患者非常有用的成像方式。在这组患者中,栓塞、支架置入和临时球囊闭塞等各种介入程序可能有助于挽救生命。在主动脉和主要动脉破裂时,支架置入和临时球囊闭塞可防止失血。经导管栓塞在内脏器官出血、动静脉瘘和继发性出血中很有用。