[Therapy of mental states at high risk for psychosis: preliminary results from Hungary].

INTRODUCTION

Recent evidence raised the possibility that low-dose antipsychotic treatment during the prodromal phase may prevent the development of full-blown psychosis.

AIMS

To investigate the effectiveness of low-dose antipsychotic medication in the prevention of psychosis.

METHODS

Fifty-two persons who fulfilled the PACE (Personal Assessment and Crisis Evaluation) criteria of ultra-high risk for psychosis participated in the study. Low-dose antipsychotic treatment (haloperidol or risperidone, 0.5-2 mg/day) was provided for 6 months together with psychoeducation and supportive psychotherapy. Participants were assessed at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months. Antidepressive therapy was provided as needed.

RESULTS

Forty-two persons completed the study from whom 3 (7.1%) developed schizophrenia during the 6-month treatment period. New psychotic episodes were not observed during the 6-month follow-up period. Side effects were mild and transient, appearing in the first 4 weeks of treatment. The participants were satisfied with the treatment.

CONCLUSIONS

Given that without a specific treatment, 30-60% of persons with ultra-high risk develop frank psychosis, low-dose antipsychotic treatment seems to be effective in the prevention or delay of psychosis.