Managing empyema in adults.

A collection of pus in the pleural space (empyema) is a dangerous condition that is usually a complication of pneumonia. Empyema can be associated with a delayed response of pneumonia to antibacterial treatment. It can lead to septicaemia, disseminated abscesses and prolonged hospitalisation. Reported mortality rates are typically 7-33%, but may exceed 50% in elderly patients or those with significant comorbidity, such as malignancy, diabetes mellitus or alcohol abuse. Here we review the management of adults with empyema.