Kunreuther Howard
Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, Wharton Risk Management and Decision Processes Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
LDI Issue Brief. 2006 Mar-Apr;11(5):1-4.
Hurricane Katrina exposed the nation's ongoing vulnerability to large-scale losses from natural disasters. The catastrophic loss of life and property has lead people to question why the United States is not better prepared for such disasters. In this Issue Brief, a leading expert on decision processes and low probability events discusses the reasons why people do not take protective measures voluntarily. In addition, he suggests ways to reduce losses through a disaster management plan that includes well-enforced building codes and land-use policies, insurance incentives, and long-term loans.
卡特里娜飓风暴露了美国在面对自然灾害造成的大规模损失时持续存在的脆弱性。生命和财产的灾难性损失促使人们质疑为何美国没有为这类灾害做好更充分的准备。在本简报中,一位决策过程和低概率事件方面的顶尖专家探讨了人们不主动采取保护措施的原因。此外,他还提出了通过灾害管理计划来减少损失的方法,该计划包括严格执行的建筑规范和土地使用政策、保险激励措施以及长期贷款。