Ogden Thomas H
Int J Psychoanal. 2006 Aug;87(Pt 4):1069-85. doi: 10.1516/d6d1-tgvx-a4f0-jecb.
Teaching psychoanalysis is no less an art than is the practice of psychoanalysis. As is true of the analytic experience, teaching psychoanalysis involves an effort to create clearances in which fresh forms of thinking and dreaming may emerge, with regard to both psychoanalytic theory and clinical practice. Drawing on his experience of leading two ongoing psychoanalytic seminars, each in its 25th year, the author offers observations concerning (1) teaching analytic texts by reading them aloud, line by line, in the seminar setting, with a focus on how the writer is thinking/writing and on how the reader is altered by the experience of reading; (2) treating clinical case presentations as experiences in collective dreaming in which the seminar members make use of their own waking dreaming to assist the presenter in dreaming aspects of his experience with the patient that the analytic pair has not previously been able to dream; (3) reading poetry and fiction as a way of enhancing the capacity of the seminar members to be aware of and alive to the effects created by the patient's and the analyst's use of language; and (4) learning to overcome what one thought one knew about conducting analytic work, i.e. learning to forget what one has learned.
精神分析教学与精神分析实践一样,都是一门艺术。与分析体验一样,精神分析教学需要努力创造一种空间,使关于精神分析理论和临床实践的新的思维和想象形式能够涌现出来。作者借鉴其在主持两个分别已进行了25年的精神分析研讨班的经验,提出了以下几点观察:(1)在研讨班环境中逐行朗读分析文本进行教学,重点关注作者的思考/写作方式以及读者如何因阅读体验而发生改变;(2)将临床病例报告视为集体做梦的体验,研讨班成员利用自己清醒时的想象来帮助报告者想象其与患者经历中分析双方之前未能想象到的方面;(3)阅读诗歌和小说,以此增强研讨班成员对患者和分析师语言运用所产生效果的感知和敏感度;(4)学会克服对进行分析工作的固有认知,即学会忘掉已学的知识。