心脏病的干预措施及其对阿尔茨海默病的影响。
Interventions for heart disease and their effects on Alzheimer's disease.
作者信息
Wolozin Benjamin, Bednar Martin M
机构信息
Department of Pharmacology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118-2526, USA.
出版信息
Neurol Res. 2006 Sep;28(6):630-6. doi: 10.1179/016164106X130515.
OBJECTIVES
To review the contributions of cardiovascular disease to Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia.
METHODS
Review of the literature.
RESULTS
Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia both share significant risk attributable to cardiovascular risk factors. Hypertension and hypercholesterolemia at midlife are significant risk factors for both subsequent dementia. Diabetes and obesity are also risk factors for dementia. Stressful medical procedures, such as coronary artery bypass and graft operations also appear to contribute to the risk of Alzheimer's disease. Apolipoprotein E is the major risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. Apolipoprotein E does not appear to contribute to Alzheimer's disease by increasing serum cholesterol, but it might contribute to the disease through a mechanism involving both Abeta and an increase in neuronal vulnerability to stress.
DISCUSSION
The strong association of cardiovascular risk factors with Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia suggest that these diseases share some biologic pathways in common. The contribution of cardiovascular disease to Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia suggest that cardiovascular therapies might prove useful in treating or preventing dementia. Antihypertensive medications appear to be beneficial in preventing vascular dementia. Statins might be beneficial in preventing the progression of dementia in subjects with Alzheimer's disease.
目的
回顾心血管疾病对阿尔茨海默病和血管性痴呆的影响。
方法
文献综述。
结果
阿尔茨海默病和血管性痴呆都存在因心血管危险因素导致的显著风险。中年时期的高血压和高胆固醇血症是后续发生痴呆的重要危险因素。糖尿病和肥胖也是痴呆的危险因素。诸如冠状动脉搭桥和移植手术等应激性医疗程序似乎也会增加患阿尔茨海默病的风险。载脂蛋白E是阿尔茨海默病的主要危险因素。载脂蛋白E似乎并非通过升高血清胆固醇来导致阿尔茨海默病，而是可能通过一种涉及β淀粉样蛋白以及神经元对应激易感性增加的机制来引发该病。
讨论
心血管危险因素与阿尔茨海默病和血管性痴呆之间的紧密关联表明，这些疾病存在一些共同的生物学途径。心血管疾病对阿尔茨海默病和血管性痴呆的影响表明，心血管治疗方法可能对治疗或预防痴呆有用。抗高血压药物似乎对预防血管性痴呆有益。他汀类药物可能对预防阿尔茨海默病患者的痴呆进展有益。
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