氟化物在城市污水处理设施中的质量流。
Fluorochemical mass flows in a municipal wastewater treatment facility.
作者信息
Schultz Melissa M, Higgins Christopher P, Huset Carin A, Luthy Richard G, Barofsky Douglas F, Field Jennifer A
机构信息
Departments of Chemistry and Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA.
出版信息
Environ Sci Technol. 2006 Dec 1;40(23):7350-7. doi: 10.1021/es061025m.
Fluorochemicals have widespread applications and are released into municipal wastewater treatment plants via domestic wastewater. A field study was conducted at a full-scale municipal wastewater treatment plant to determine the mass flows of selected fluorochemicals. Flow-proportional, 24 h samples of raw influent, primary effluent, trickling filter effluent, secondary effluent, and final effluent and grab samples of primary, thickened, activated, and anaerobically digested sludge were collected over 10 days and analyzed by liquid chromatography electrospray-ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Significant decreases in the mass flows of perfluorohexane sulfonate and perfluorodecanoate occurred during trickling filtration and primary clarification, while activated sludge treatment decreased the mass flow of perfluorohexanoate. Mass flows of the 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonate and perfluorooctanoate were unchanged as a result of wastewater treatment, which indicates that conventional wastewater treatment is not effective for removal of these compounds. A net increase in the mass flows for perfluorooctane and perfluorodecane sulfonates occurred from trickling filtration and activated sludge treatment. Mass flows for perfluoroalkylsulfonamides and perfluorononanoate also increased during activated sludge treatment and are attributed to degradation of precursor molecules.
含氟化合物应用广泛，并通过生活污水排放到城市污水处理厂。在一家大型城市污水处理厂进行了一项实地研究，以确定选定含氟化合物的质量流量。在10天内采集了按流量比例的进水、初沉出水、滴滤池出水、二级出水和最终出水的24小时样品，以及初沉污泥、浓缩污泥、活性污泥和厌氧消化污泥的抓取样品，并通过液相色谱电喷雾电离串联质谱法进行分析。在滴滤和初次澄清过程中，全氟己烷磺酸和全氟癸酸的质量流量显著下降，而活性污泥处理降低了全氟己酸的质量流量。6:2氟调聚物磺酸盐和全氟辛酸的质量流量在废水处理后没有变化，这表明传统的废水处理对去除这些化合物无效。在滴滤和活性污泥处理过程中，全氟辛烷和全氟癸烷磺酸盐的质量流量出现净增加。全氟烷基磺酰胺和全氟壬酸的质量流量在活性污泥处理过程中也有所增加，这归因于前体分子的降解。
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