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13至15岁青少年女排运动员的身体形态分类及比赛能力

Adolescent female volleyballers' (aged 13-15 years) body build classification and proficiency in competitions.

作者信息

Stamm Raini, Stamm Meelis, Koskel Säde

机构信息

Institute of Sport Pedagogy, Faculty of Exercise and Sport Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.

出版信息

Anthropol Anz. 2006 Dec;64(4):423-33.

Abstract

The present paper studies the body build and proficiency in the game of 74 female volleyballers aged 13-15 years from eight teams, who participated in Estonian championships. Fourteen anthropometric measurements were taken from the players, and these data were systematized into a 5 SD height-weight classification (small, medium, large, pyknomorphous and leptomorphous). The players participated in 28 matches, which were recorded in parallel with two computers equipped with the program Game. The girls' proficiency in the game was assessed in the same body build classes. For each class, the total number of serves, receptions, attacks and blocks, their mean values per player and percentage from elements performed during the whole tournament were calculated. In the same way, for each class the total number of points scored and separately the number of points scored in serve, attack and block were calculated. For each class the mean index of proficiency was calculated for serve, reception, attack and block. The results showed, that the most successful were the girls of class 3 with big height and weight. The small girls of class 1 were the least successful. The players belonging to the other classes formed an intermediate group. The authors recommend the use of the body build classification as it enables simultaneous assessment of body build and proficiency in competitions.

摘要

本文研究了来自八支球队的74名年龄在13至15岁之间、参加爱沙尼亚锦标赛的女排运动员的体型和比赛能力。对这些运动员进行了14项人体测量,并将这些数据系统化,分为5个标准差身高体重分类(小、中、大、矮胖型和瘦长型)。运动员们参加了28场比赛,比赛由两台安装了“Game”程序的电脑同时记录。女孩们在比赛中的能力是在相同的体型类别中进行评估的。对于每个类别,计算了发球、接球、进攻和拦网的总数、每个球员的平均值以及在整个比赛中执行的元素的百分比。同样,对于每个类别,计算了得分总数以及分别在发球、进攻和拦网中得分的数量。对于每个类别,计算了发球、接球、进攻和拦网的平均能力指数。结果表明,身高体重较大的3类女孩最为成功。1类身材矮小的女孩最不成功。属于其他类别的运动员形成了一个中间组。作者建议使用体型分类,因为它能够同时评估体型和比赛中的能力。

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