Tracey Kevin J
The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York 11030, USA.
J Clin Invest. 2007 Feb;117(2):289-96. doi: 10.1172/JCI30555.
Cytokine production by the immune system contributes importantly to both health and disease. The nervous system, via an inflammatory reflex of the vagus nerve, can inhibit cytokine release and thereby prevent tissue injury and death. The efferent neural signaling pathway is termed the cholinergic antiinflammatory pathway. Cholinergic agonists inhibit cytokine synthesis and protect against cytokine-mediated diseases. Stimulation of the vagus nerve prevents the damaging effects of cytokine release in experimental sepsis, endotoxemia, ischemia/reperfusion injury, hemorrhagic shock, arthritis, and other inflammatory syndromes. Herein is a review of this physiological, functional anatomical mechanism for neurological regulation of cytokine-dependent disease that begins to define an immunological homunculus.
免疫系统产生的细胞因子对健康和疾病都起着重要作用。神经系统可通过迷走神经的炎症反射抑制细胞因子释放，从而预防组织损伤和死亡。传出神经信号通路被称为胆碱能抗炎通路。胆碱能激动剂可抑制细胞因子合成，并预防细胞因子介导的疾病。在实验性脓毒症、内毒素血症、缺血/再灌注损伤、失血性休克、关节炎及其他炎症综合征中，刺激迷走神经可防止细胞因子释放带来的损害作用。本文综述了这种对细胞因子依赖性疾病进行神经调节的生理、功能解剖学机制，该机制开始定义一种免疫小人。
