Morinaga Kyoko, Ohtsubo Yohsuke, Yamauchi Keiko, Shimada Yasuhiro
Ph.D. Program of Social System Studies, Graduate School of the University of Kitakyushu, Japan.
Int J Nurs Stud. 2008 May;45(5):740-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2006.12.007. Epub 2007 Feb 5.
Studies addressing nurses' traits to improve the quality of nurse-physician communication exist, whereas only a few studies exploring physicians' traits as communication barriers are conducted.
The purpose of this research is to determine what types of physicians do nurses find difficult to communicate with. To this end, we conducted a pilot study, consisting of semi-structured interviews, with nine nurses. A questionnaire survey was then conducted to test the generalizability of the interviewees' opinions about physician traits that impede effective nurse-physician communication.
A within-respondent factorial design was employed. Each respondent answered questions about two physicians whom she or he has found most difficult or easiest to communicate with. The order of physician type (easy vs. difficult) was counterbalanced.
The main study, a questionnaire survey, was administered at four Japanese hospitals.
Participants were 310 nurses. The questionnaires were mailed to the person in charge of each hospital. The questionnaires were handed to the nurses by the person in charge. Three out of the four hospitals reported that a majority of their nurses answered the questionnaires.
The questionnaire asked respondents to evaluate how well various statements (e.g., Is the doctor moody?) fit a particular physician whom she or he has found most difficult or easiest to communicate with.
A series of repeated-measures ANOVAs revealed that every statement was judged as fitting the description of doctors they found difficult better than that of doctors they found easy to talk to. An exploratory cluster analysis was conducted and it revealed that difficult characteristics of physicians can be divided into three subtypes.
The questionnaire survey confirmed that opinions provided by interviewees in the pilot study were widely shared by other Japanese nurses. The study revealed that communication barriers between nurses and physicians are caused by the physicians' reluctance to communicate with nurses and the doctors' emotional difficulties.
现有研究探讨了护士的特质对改善护医沟通质量的作用，而探索医生特质作为沟通障碍的研究却很少。
本研究旨在确定护士认为哪些类型的医生难以沟通。为此，我们开展了一项预试验研究，对9名护士进行了半结构式访谈。随后进行了问卷调查，以检验受访者关于阻碍护医有效沟通的医生特质的观点的普遍性。
采用被试内析因设计。每位受访者回答有关她或他认为最难或最易沟通的两位医生的问题。医生类型（易沟通与难沟通）的顺序进行了平衡处理。
主要研究即问卷调查在四家日本医院进行。
参与者为310名护士。问卷邮寄给每家医院的负责人，由负责人分发给护士。四家医院中有三家报告称，他们的大多数护士回答了问卷。
问卷要求受访者评估各种陈述（例如，医生是否喜怒无常？）与她或他认为最难或最易沟通的特定医生的契合程度。
一系列重复测量方差分析表明，每一项陈述被判断为更符合他们认为难沟通的医生的描述，而非易沟通的医生。进行了探索性聚类分析，结果显示医生的难沟通特征可分为三个子类型。
问卷调查证实了预试验研究中受访者提供的观点在其他日本护士中得到了广泛认同。该研究表明，护医之间的沟通障碍是由医生不愿与护士沟通以及医生的情绪问题导致的。
