Lowering the calcium concentration in the subretinal space in vivo loosens retinal adhesion.

Retinal adhesiveness in vitro is reduced by lowering the external calcium (Ca2+) concentration. The effects of lowering subretinal Ca2+ concentration in living rabbit eyes was investigated by making experimental retinal detachments (blebs) filled with Ca(2+)-free disodium edetate solution. Unlike blebs made with Hanks' solution, these low-Ca2+ blebs enlarged progressively after they were formed, and they were surrounded by a wide whitish halo. This halo region had weak adhesion (shown by the rapid spread of fluorescein solution into the halo and by the measurement of local adhesiveness after enucleation). The retinal pigment epithelial microvilli in the halo appeared stretched toward the center of the blebs as if there had been retinal traction or movement. Measurements of retinal adhesiveness in vivo showed it to be decreased to about 30% of normal by use of this solution.