饮酒社会规范与饮酒行为：对16个工作场所的137个工作小组的多层次分析
Drinking social norms and drinking behaviours: a multilevel analysis of 137 workgroups in 16 worksites.
作者信息
Barrientos-Gutierrez Tonatiuh, Gimeno David, Mangione Thomas W, Harrist Ronald B, Amick Benjamin C
机构信息
Southwest Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas, USA.
出版信息
Occup Environ Med. 2007 Sep;64(9):602-8. doi: 10.1136/oem.2006.031765. Epub 2007 May 24.
BACKGROUND
Previous studies on worksite drinking norms showed individually perceived norms were associated with drinking behaviours.
OBJECTIVE
To examine whether restrictive drinking social norms shared by workgroup membership are associated with decreased heavy drinking, frequent drinking and drinking at work at the worker level.
METHODS
The sample included 5338 workers with complete data nested in 137 supervisory workgroups from 16 American worksites. Multilevel models were fitted to examine the association between workgroup drinking norms and heavy drinking, frequent drinking and drinking at work.
RESULTS
Multivariate adjusted models showed participants working in workgroups in the most discouraging drinking norms quartile were 45% less likely to be heavy drinkers, 54% less likely to be frequent drinkers and 69% less likely to drink at work than their counterparts in the most encouraging quartile.
CONCLUSIONS
Strong associations between workgroup level restrictive drinking social norms and drinking outcomes suggest public health efforts at reducing drinking and alcohol-related injuries, illnesses and diseases should target social interventions at worksites.
背景
先前关于工作场所饮酒规范的研究表明，个人感知到的规范与饮酒行为有关。
目的
探讨工作组成员共同持有的限制性饮酒社会规范是否与工人层面的重度饮酒、频繁饮酒和工作时饮酒减少有关。
方法
样本包括来自16个美国工作场所的137个监督工作小组中的5338名拥有完整数据的工人。采用多水平模型来检验工作小组饮酒规范与重度饮酒、频繁饮酒和工作时饮酒之间的关联。
结果
多变量调整模型显示，在饮酒规范最不鼓励的四分位数工作小组中工作的参与者，与在最鼓励饮酒的四分位数工作小组中的参与者相比，成为重度饮酒者的可能性降低了45%，频繁饮酒者的可能性降低了54%，工作时饮酒的可能性降低了69%。
结论
工作小组层面的限制性饮酒社会规范与饮酒结果之间的强烈关联表明，减少饮酒及与酒精相关的伤害、疾病的公共卫生努力应针对工作场所的社会干预措施。
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